Develop a solid understanding of ultrasound of the abdomen and pelvis with this practical, point-of-care reference in the popular Diagnostic Ultrasound series. Written by leading experts in the field, the second edition of Diagnostic Ultrasound: Abdomen and Pelvis offers detailed, clinically oriented coverage of ultrasound imaging of this complex area and includes illustrated and written correlation between ultrasound findings and other modalities. The most comprehensive reference in its field, this image-rich resource helps you achieve an accurate ultrasound diagnosis for every patient.
Features nearly 15 new chapters that detail updated diagnoses, new terminology, new methodology, new criteria and guidelines, a new generation of scanners, and more
Includes 2,500 high-quality images including grayscale, color, power, and spectral (pulsed) Doppler imaging in each chapter and, when applicable, contrast-enhanced ultrasound; plus new videos and animations online
Discusses new polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) criteria, updated pancreatic cyst guidelines, new ovarian cysts recommendations, shear wave elastography for liver fibrosis, and more
Correlates ultrasound findings with CT and MR for improved understanding of disease processes and how ultrasound complements other modalities for a given disease
Covers cutting-edge ultrasound techniques, including microbubble contrast and contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) for liver imaging
Contains time-saving reference features such as succinct and bulleted text, a variety of test data tables, key facts in each chapter, annotated images, and an extensive index
1. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 155 2. Chapter 17: Approach to Hepatic Sonography - p. 155 3. DIFFUSE PARENCHYMAL DISEASE - p. 161 4. Chapter 18: Hepatitis - p. 161 5. Chapter 19: Hepatic Cirrhosis - p. 165 6. Chapter 20: Hepatic Fibrosis/Elastography - p. 169 7. Chapter 21: Hepatic Steatosis - p. 171 8. Chapter 22: Hepatic Schistosomiasis - p. 175 9. Chapter 23: Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (Venoocclusive Disease) - p. 177 10. Chapter 24: Ultrasound LI-RADS - p. 179 11. CYST AND CYST-LIKE LESIONS - p. 183 12. Chapter 25: Hepatic Cyst - p. 183 13. Chapter 26: Biliary Hamartoma - p. 187 14. Chapter 27: Caroli Disease - p. 189 15. Chapter 28: Biloma - p. 193 16. Chapter 29: Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm of Liver - p. 195 17. Chapter 30: Pyogenic Hepatic Abscess - p. 199 18. Chapter 31: Amebic Hepatic Abscess - p. 203 19. Chapter 32: Hepatic *Echinococcus* Cyst - p. 205 20. Chapter 33: Hepatic Diffuse Microabscesses - p. 209 21. Chapter 34: Peribiliary Cyst - p. 211 22. FOCAL SOLID MASSES - p. 213 23. Chapter 35: Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma - p. 213 24. Chapter 36: Focal Nodular Hyperplasia - p. 217 25. Chapter 37: Hepatic Adenoma - p. 221 26. Chapter 38: Hepatocellular Carcinoma - p. 225 27. Chapter 39: Hepatic Metastases - p. 231 28. Chapter 40: Hepatic Lymphoma - p. 235 29. Chapter 41: CEUS LI-RADS - p. 237 30. VASCULAR CONDITIONS - p. 243 31. Chapter 42: Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) - p. 243 32. Chapter 43: Portal Vein Occlusion - p. 245 33. Chapter 44: Budd-Chiari Syndrome - p. 247 34. Chapter 45: Portal Vein Gas - p. 249 35. Chapter 46: Portal Hypertension - p. 251 36. Chapter 47: Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm/Aneurysm - p. 255 37. LIVER TRANSPLANTS - p. 259 38. Chapter 48: Liver Transplant Hepatic Artery Stenosis/Thrombosis - p. 259 39. Chapter 49: Liver Transplant Portal Vein Stenosis/Thrombosis - p. 261 40. Chapter 50: Liver Transplant Hepatic Venous Stenosis/Thrombosis - p. 262 41. Chapter 51: Liver Transplant Biliary Stricture - p. 263 42. SECTION 2: BILIARY SYSTEM - p. 265 43. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 265 44. Chapter 52: Approach to Biliary Sonography - p. 265 45. GALLSTONES AND MIMICS - p. 271 46. Chapter 53: Cholelithiasis - p. 271 47. Chapter 54: Gallbladder Polyps - p. 275 48. GALLBLADDER WALL PATHOLOGY - p. 279 49. Chapter 55: Acute Calculous Cholecystitis - p. 279 50. Chapter 56: Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis - p. 283 51. Chapter 57: Chronic Cholecystitis - p. 287 52. Chapter 58: Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis - p. 289 53. Chapter 59: Porcelain Gallbladder - p. 291 54. Chapter 60: Hyperplastic Cholecystosis (Adenomyomatosis) - p. 293 55. Chapter 61: Gallbladder Carcinoma - p. 295 56. DUCTAL PATHOLOGY - p. 299 57. Chapter 62: Biliary Ductal Dilatation - p. 299 58. Chapter 63: Choledochal Malformation - p. 301 59. Chapter 64: Choledocholithiasis - p. 305 60. Chapter 65: Biliary Ductal Gas - p. 307 61. Chapter 66: Cholangiocarcinoma - p. 309 62. Chapter 67: Ascending Cholangitis - p. 313 63. Chapter 68: Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis - p. 315 64. SECTION 3: PANCREAS - p. 317 65. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 317 66. Chapter 69: Approach to Pancreatic Sonography - p. 317 67. PANCREATITIS - p. 323 68. Chapter 70: Acute Pancreatitis - p. 323 69. Chapter 71: Pancreatic Pseudocyst - p. 325 70. Chapter 72: Chronic Pancreatitis - p. 329 71. SIMPLE CYSTS AND CYSTIC NEOPLASMS - p. 331 72. Chapter 73: Mucinous Cystic Pancreatic Tumor - p. 331 73. Chapter 74: Serous Cystadenoma of Pancreas - p. 333 74. Chapter 75: Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN) - p. 335 75. SOLID-APPEARING PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS - p. 337 76. Chapter 76: Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma - p. 337 77. Chapter 77: Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm - p. 341 78. Chapter 78: Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm - p. 343 79. PANCREAS TRANSPLANT - p. 345 80. Chapter 79: Approach to Pancreatic Transplant Sonography - p. 345 81. Chapter 80: Pancreas Transplant Vascular Complications - p. 349 82. Chapter 81: Pancreas Transplant Nonvascular Complications - p. 353 83. SECTION 4: SPLEEN - p. 357 84. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 357 85. Chapter 82: Approach to Splenic Sonography - p. 357 86. SPLENIC LESIONS - p. 365 87. Chapter 83: Splenomegaly - p. 365 88. Chapter 84: Splenic Cyst - p. 367 89. Chapter 85: Splenic Tumors - p. 369 90. Chapter 86: Splenic Infarct - p. 373 91. SECTION 5: URINARY TRACT - p. 375 92. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 375 93. Chapter 87: Approach to Urinary Tract Sonography - p. 375 94. NORMAL VARIANTS AND PSEUDOLESIONS - p. 381 95. Chapter 88: Column of Bertin, Kidney - p. 381 96. Chapter 89: Renal Junction Line - p. 383 97. Chapter 90: Renal Ectopia - p. 385 98. Chapter 91: Horseshoe Kidney - p. 387 99. Chapter 92: Ureteral Duplication - p. 389 100. Chapter 93: Ureteral Ectopia - p. 393 101. Chapter 94: Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction - p. 395 102. CALCULI AND CALCINOSIS - p. 397 103. Chapter 95: Urolithiasis - p. 397 104. Chapter 96: Nephrocalcinosis - p. 399 105. Chapter 97: Hydronephrosis - p. 401 106. CYSTS AND CYSTIC DISORDERS - p. 405 107. Chapter 98: Simple Renal Cyst - p. 405 108. Chapter 99: Complex Renal Cyst - p. 409 109. Chapter 100: Cystic Disease of Dialysis - p. 413 110. Chapter 101: Cystic Nephroma - p. 417 111. Chapter 102: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease - p. 419 112. URINARY TRACT INFECTION - p. 423 113. Chapter 103: Acute Pyelonephritis - p. 423 114. Chapter 104: Renal Abscess - p. 425 115. Chapter 105: Emphysematous Pyelonephritis - p. 427 116. Chapter 106: Pyonephrosis - p. 429 117. Chapter 107: Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis - p. 431 118. Chapter 108: Tuberculosis, Urinary Tract - p. 433 119. SOLID RENAL NEOPLASMS - p. 435 120. Chapter 109: Renal Cell Carcinoma - p. 435 121. Chapter 110: Renal Angiomyolipoma - p. 439 122. Chapter 111: Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma - p. 441 123. Chapter 112: Renal Lymphoma - p. 443 124. VASCULAR CONDITIONS - p. 447 125. Chapter 113: Renal Artery Stenosis - p. 447 126. Chapter 114: Renal Vein Thrombosis - p. 451 127. Chapter 115: Renal Infarct - p. 453 128. Chapter 116: Perinephric Hematoma - p. 455 129. PROSTATE - p. 457 130. Chapter 117: Prostatic Hyperplasia - p. 457 131. Chapter 118: Prostatic Carcinoma - p. 461 132. BLADDER - p. 465 133. Chapter 119: Bladder Carcinoma - p. 465 134. Chapter 120: Ureterocele - p. 469 135. Chapter 121: Bladder Diverticulum - p. 473 136. Chapter 122: Bladder Calculi - p. 477 137. Chapter 123: Schistosomiasis, Bladder - p. 479 138. Chapter 124: Urethral Diverticulum - p. 481 139. SECTION 6: KIDNEY TRANSPLANT - p. 483 140. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 483 141. Chapter 125: Approach to Sonography of Renal Allografts - p. 483 142. RENAL TRANSPLANT COMPLICATIONS - p. 489 143. Chapter 126: Allograft Hydronephrosis - p. 489 144. Chapter 127: Perirenal Transplant Fluid Collections - p. 493 145. Chapter 128: Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis - p. 497 146. Chapter 129: Transplant Renal Artery Thrombosis - p. 501 147. Chapter 130: Transplant Renal Vein Thrombosis - p. 503 148. Chapter 131: Renal Transplant Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula - p. 505 149. Chapter 132: Renal Transplant Pseudoaneurysm - p. 507 150. Chapter 133: Renal Transplant Rejection - p. 509 151. Chapter 134: Delayed Renal Graft Function - p. 511 152. SECTION 7: ADRENAL GLAND - p. 513 153. Chapter 135: Adrenal Hemorrhage - p. 513 154. Chapter 136: Myelolipoma - p. 519 155. Chapter 137: Adrenal Adenoma - p. 523 156. Chapter 138: Adrenal Cyst - p. 527 157. Chapter 139: Pheochromocytoma - p. 529 158. Chapter 140: Adrenal Carcinoma - p. 533 159. SECTION 8: ABDOMINAL WALL/PERITONEAL CAVITY - p. 537 160. Chapter 141: Approach to Sonography of Abdominal Wall/Peritoneal Cavity - p. 537 161. Chapter 142: Abdominal Wall Hernia - p. 543 162. Chapter 143: Groin Hernia - p. 547 163. Chapter 144: Ascites - p. 551 164. Chapter 145: Peritoneal Carcinomatosis - p. 555 165. Chapter 146: Peritoneal Space Abscess - p. 559 166. Chapter 147: Segmental Omental Infarction - p. 563 167. SECTION 9: BOWEL - p. 565 168. Chapter 148: Approach to Bowel Sonography - p. 565 169. Chapter 149: Bowel Features - p. 571 170. Chapter 150: Appendicitis - p. 577 171. Chapter 151: Appendiceal Mucocele - p. 581 172. Chapter 152: Intussusception - p. 585 173. Chapter 153: Epiploic Appendagitis - p. 589 174. Chapter 154: Diverticulitis - p. 593 175. Chapter 155: Crohn Disease - p. 597 176. Chapter 156: Bowel Masses - p. 603 177. SECTION 10: SCROTUM - p. 609 178. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 609 179. Chapter 157: Approach to Scrotal Sonography - p. 609 180. SCROTAL LESIONS - p. 613 181. Chapter 158: Testicular Germ Cell Tumors - p. 613 182. Chapter 159: Gonadal Stromal Tumors, Testis - p. 617 183. Chapter 160: Testicular Lymphoma/Leukemia - p. 621 184. Chapter 161: Epidermoid Cyst - p. 623 185. Chapter 162: Tubular Ectasia of Rete Testis - p. 625 186. Chapter 163: Testicular Microlithiasis - p. 627 187. Chapter 164: Testicular Torsion/Infarction - p. 631 188. Chapter 165: Undescended Testis - p. 635 189. Chapter 166: Epididymitis/Orchitis - p. 637 190. Chapter 167: Scrotal Trauma - p. 641 191. Chapter 168: Hydrocele - p. 645 192. Chapter 169: Spermatocele/Epididymal Cyst - p. 647 193. Chapter 170: Adenomatoid Tumor - p. 649 194. Chapter 171: Varicocele - p. 651 195. SECTION 11: FEMALE PELVIS - p. 653 196. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 653 197. Chapter 172: Approach to Sonography of the Female Pelvis - p. 653 198. CERVICAL AND MYOMETRIAL PATHOLOGY - p. 657 199. Chapter 173: Nabothian Cyst - p. 657 200. Chapter 174: Cervical Carcinoma - p. 659 201. Chapter 175: Adenomyosis - p. 663 202. Chapter 176: Leiomyoma - p. 667 203. Chapter 177: Uterine Anomalies - p. 671 204. ENDOMETRIAL DISORDERS - p. 677 205. Chapter 178: Hematometrocolpos - p. 677 206. Chapter 179: Endometrial Polyp - p. 681 207. Chapter 180: Endometrial Carcinoma - p. 685 208. Chapter 181: Endometritis - p. 689 209. Chapter 182: Intrauterine Device - p. 691 210. PREGNANCY-RELATED DISORDERS - p. 695 211. Chapter 183: Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy - p. 695 212. Chapter 184: Unusual Ectopic Pregnancies - p. 701 213. Chapter 185: Failed 1st-Trimester Pregnancy - p. 707 214. Chapter 186: Retained Products of Conception - p. 711 215. Chapter 187: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease - p. 715 216. OVARIAN CYSTS AND CYSTIC NEOPLASMS - p. 719 217. Chapter 188: Functional Ovarian Cyst - p. 719 218. Chapter 189: Hemorrhagic Cyst - p. 721 219. Chapter 190: Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome - p. 725 220. Chapter 191: Serous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcinoma - p. 729 221. Chapter 192: Mucinous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcinoma - p. 733 222. Chapter 193: Ovarian Teratoma - p. 737 223. Chapter 194: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome - p. 741 224. Chapter 195: Endometrioma - p. 743 225. Chapter 196: O-RADS - p. 747 226. NON-OVARIAN CYSTIC MASSES - p. 751 227. Chapter 197: Hydrosalpinx - p. 751 228. Chapter 198: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - p. 755 229. Chapter 199: Paraovarian Cyst - p. 759 230. Chapter 200: Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst - p. 761 231. VAGINAL AND VULVAR CYSTS - p. 765 232. Chapter 201: Bartholin Cyst - p. 765 233. Chapter 202: Gartner Duct Cyst - p. 767 234. MISCELLANEOUS OVARIAN MASSES - p. 771 235. Chapter 203: Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor - p. 771 236. Chapter 204: Adnexal/Ovarian Torsion - p. 775 237. Chapter 205: Ovarian Metastases, Including Krukenberg Tumor - p. 779 238. Part III: Differential Diagnoses - p. 781 239. SECTION 1: LIVER - p. 781 240. Chapter 206: Hepatomegaly - p. 781 241. Chapter 207: Diffuse Liver Disease - p. 787 242. Chapter 208: Cystic Liver Lesion - p. 789 243. Chapter 209: Hypoechoic Liver Mass - p. 793 244. Chapter 210: Echogenic Liver Mass - p. 797 245. Chapter 211: Target Lesions in Liver - p. 801 246. Chapter 212: Multiple Hepatic Masses - p. 803 247. Chapter 213: Hepatic Mass With Central Scar - p. 807 248. Chapter 214: Periportal Lesion - p. 809 249. Chapter 215: Irregular Hepatic Surface - p. 813 250. Chapter 216: Portal Vein Abnormality - p. 815 251. SECTION 2: BILIARY SYSTEM - p. 817 252. GALLBLADDER - p. 817 253. Chapter 217: Diffuse Gallbladder Wall Thickening - p. 817 254. Chapter 218: Hyperechoic Gallbladder Wall - p. 823 255. Chapter 219: Focal Gallbladder Wall Thickening/Mass - p. 825 256. Chapter 220: Echogenic Material in Gallbladder Lumen - p. 827 257. Chapter 221: Dilated Gallbladder - p. 829 258. BILE DUCTS - p. 833 259. Chapter 222: Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Duct Dilatation - p. 833 260. SECTION 3: PANCREAS - p. 835 261. Chapter 223: Cystic Pancreatic Lesion - p. 835 262. Chapter 224: Solid Pancreatic Lesion - p. 841 263. Chapter 225: Pancreatic Duct Dilatation - p. 845 264. SECTION 4: SPLEEN - p. 847 265. Chapter 226: Focal Splenic Lesion - p. 847 266. SECTION 5: URINARY TRACT - p. 853 267. Chapter 227: Intraluminal Bladder Mass - p. 853 268. Chapter 228: Abnormal Bladder Wall - p. 857 269. SECTION 6: KIDNEY - p. 861 270. Chapter 229: Enlarged Kidney - p. 861 271. Chapter 230: Small Kidney - p. 867 272. Chapter 231: Hypoechoic Kidney - p. 871 273. Chapter 232: Hyperechoic Kidney - p. 875 274. Chapter 233: Cystic Renal Mass - p. 879 275. Chapter 234: Solid Renal Mass - p. 883 276. Chapter 235: Renal Pseudotumor - p. 887 277. Chapter 236: Dilated Renal Pelvis - p. 889 278. SECTION 7: ABDOMINAL WALL/PERITONEAL CAVITY - p. 893 279. Chapter 237: Diffuse Peritoneal Fluid - p. 893 280. Chapter 238: Solid Peritoneal Mass - p. 897 281. Chapter 239: Cystic Peritoneal Mass - p. 901 282. SECTION 8: PROSTATE - p. 905 283. Chapter 240: Enlarged Prostate - p. 905 284. Chapter 241: Focal Lesion in Prostate - p. 909 285. SECTION 9: BOWEL - p. 913 286. Chapter 242: Bowel Wall Thickening - p. 913 287. SECTION 10: SCROTUM - p. 921 288. Chapter 243: Diffuse Testicular Enlargement - p. 921 289. Chapter 244: Decreased Testicular Size - p. 925 290. Chapter 245: Testicular Calcifications - p. 927 291. Chapter 246: Focal Testicular Mass - p. 929 292. Chapter 247: Focal Extratesticular Mass - p. 933 293. Chapter 248: Extratesticular Cystic Mass - p. 937 294. SECTION 11: FEMALE PELVIS - p. 939 295. Chapter 249: Cystic Adnexal Mass - p. 939 296. Chapter 250: Solid Adnexal Mass - p. 945 297. Chapter 251: Extraovarian Adnexal Mass - p. 949 298. Chapter 252: Enlarged Ovary - p. 953 299. Chapter 253: Enlarged Uterus - p. 957 300. Chapter 254: Abnormal Endometrium - p. 959 301. INDEX - p. 965
Develop a solid understanding of ultrasound of the abdomen and pelvis with this practical, point-of-care reference in the popular Diagnostic Ultrasound series. Written by leading experts in the field, the second edition of Diagnostic Ultrasound: Abdomen and Pelvis offers detailed, clinically oriented coverage of ultrasound imaging of this complex area and includes illustrated and written correlation between ultrasound findings and other modalities. The most comprehensive reference in its field, this image-rich resource helps you achieve an accurate ultrasound diagnosis for every patient.
Features nearly 15 new chapters that detail updated diagnoses, new terminology, new methodology, new criteria and guidelines, a new generation of scanners, and more
Includes 2,500 high-quality images including grayscale, color, power, and spectral (pulsed) Doppler imaging in each chapter and, when applicable, contrast-enhanced ultrasound; plus new videos and animations online
Discusses new polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) criteria, updated pancreatic cyst guidelines, new ovarian cysts recommendations, shear wave elastography for liver fibrosis, and more
Correlates ultrasound findings with CT and MR for improved understanding of disease processes and how ultrasound complements other modalities for a given disease
Covers cutting-edge ultrasound techniques, including microbubble contrast and contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) for liver imaging
Contains time-saving reference features such as succinct and bulleted text, a variety of test data tables, key facts in each chapter, annotated images, and an extensive index
1. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 155 2. Chapter 17: Approach to Hepatic Sonography - p. 155 3. DIFFUSE PARENCHYMAL DISEASE - p. 161 4. Chapter 18: Hepatitis - p. 161 5. Chapter 19: Hepatic Cirrhosis - p. 165 6. Chapter 20: Hepatic Fibrosis/Elastography - p. 169 7. Chapter 21: Hepatic Steatosis - p. 171 8. Chapter 22: Hepatic Schistosomiasis - p. 175 9. Chapter 23: Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (Venoocclusive Disease) - p. 177 10. Chapter 24: Ultrasound LI-RADS - p. 179 11. CYST AND CYST-LIKE LESIONS - p. 183 12. Chapter 25: Hepatic Cyst - p. 183 13. Chapter 26: Biliary Hamartoma - p. 187 14. Chapter 27: Caroli Disease - p. 189 15. Chapter 28: Biloma - p. 193 16. Chapter 29: Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm of Liver - p. 195 17. Chapter 30: Pyogenic Hepatic Abscess - p. 199 18. Chapter 31: Amebic Hepatic Abscess - p. 203 19. Chapter 32: Hepatic *Echinococcus* Cyst - p. 205 20. Chapter 33: Hepatic Diffuse Microabscesses - p. 209 21. Chapter 34: Peribiliary Cyst - p. 211 22. FOCAL SOLID MASSES - p. 213 23. Chapter 35: Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma - p. 213 24. Chapter 36: Focal Nodular Hyperplasia - p. 217 25. Chapter 37: Hepatic Adenoma - p. 221 26. Chapter 38: Hepatocellular Carcinoma - p. 225 27. Chapter 39: Hepatic Metastases - p. 231 28. Chapter 40: Hepatic Lymphoma - p. 235 29. Chapter 41: CEUS LI-RADS - p. 237 30. VASCULAR CONDITIONS - p. 243 31. Chapter 42: Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) - p. 243 32. Chapter 43: Portal Vein Occlusion - p. 245 33. Chapter 44: Budd-Chiari Syndrome - p. 247 34. Chapter 45: Portal Vein Gas - p. 249 35. Chapter 46: Portal Hypertension - p. 251 36. Chapter 47: Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm/Aneurysm - p. 255 37. LIVER TRANSPLANTS - p. 259 38. Chapter 48: Liver Transplant Hepatic Artery Stenosis/Thrombosis - p. 259 39. Chapter 49: Liver Transplant Portal Vein Stenosis/Thrombosis - p. 261 40. Chapter 50: Liver Transplant Hepatic Venous Stenosis/Thrombosis - p. 262 41. Chapter 51: Liver Transplant Biliary Stricture - p. 263 42. SECTION 2: BILIARY SYSTEM - p. 265 43. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 265 44. Chapter 52: Approach to Biliary Sonography - p. 265 45. GALLSTONES AND MIMICS - p. 271 46. Chapter 53: Cholelithiasis - p. 271 47. Chapter 54: Gallbladder Polyps - p. 275 48. GALLBLADDER WALL PATHOLOGY - p. 279 49. Chapter 55: Acute Calculous Cholecystitis - p. 279 50. Chapter 56: Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis - p. 283 51. Chapter 57: Chronic Cholecystitis - p. 287 52. Chapter 58: Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis - p. 289 53. Chapter 59: Porcelain Gallbladder - p. 291 54. Chapter 60: Hyperplastic Cholecystosis (Adenomyomatosis) - p. 293 55. Chapter 61: Gallbladder Carcinoma - p. 295 56. DUCTAL PATHOLOGY - p. 299 57. Chapter 62: Biliary Ductal Dilatation - p. 299 58. Chapter 63: Choledochal Malformation - p. 301 59. Chapter 64: Choledocholithiasis - p. 305 60. Chapter 65: Biliary Ductal Gas - p. 307 61. Chapter 66: Cholangiocarcinoma - p. 309 62. Chapter 67: Ascending Cholangitis - p. 313 63. Chapter 68: Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis - p. 315 64. SECTION 3: PANCREAS - p. 317 65. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 317 66. Chapter 69: Approach to Pancreatic Sonography - p. 317 67. PANCREATITIS - p. 323 68. Chapter 70: Acute Pancreatitis - p. 323 69. Chapter 71: Pancreatic Pseudocyst - p. 325 70. Chapter 72: Chronic Pancreatitis - p. 329 71. SIMPLE CYSTS AND CYSTIC NEOPLASMS - p. 331 72. Chapter 73: Mucinous Cystic Pancreatic Tumor - p. 331 73. Chapter 74: Serous Cystadenoma of Pancreas - p. 333 74. Chapter 75: Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN) - p. 335 75. SOLID-APPEARING PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS - p. 337 76. Chapter 76: Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma - p. 337 77. Chapter 77: Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm - p. 341 78. Chapter 78: Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm - p. 343 79. PANCREAS TRANSPLANT - p. 345 80. Chapter 79: Approach to Pancreatic Transplant Sonography - p. 345 81. Chapter 80: Pancreas Transplant Vascular Complications - p. 349 82. Chapter 81: Pancreas Transplant Nonvascular Complications - p. 353 83. SECTION 4: SPLEEN - p. 357 84. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 357 85. Chapter 82: Approach to Splenic Sonography - p. 357 86. SPLENIC LESIONS - p. 365 87. Chapter 83: Splenomegaly - p. 365 88. Chapter 84: Splenic Cyst - p. 367 89. Chapter 85: Splenic Tumors - p. 369 90. Chapter 86: Splenic Infarct - p. 373 91. SECTION 5: URINARY TRACT - p. 375 92. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 375 93. Chapter 87: Approach to Urinary Tract Sonography - p. 375 94. NORMAL VARIANTS AND PSEUDOLESIONS - p. 381 95. Chapter 88: Column of Bertin, Kidney - p. 381 96. Chapter 89: Renal Junction Line - p. 383 97. Chapter 90: Renal Ectopia - p. 385 98. Chapter 91: Horseshoe Kidney - p. 387 99. Chapter 92: Ureteral Duplication - p. 389 100. Chapter 93: Ureteral Ectopia - p. 393 101. Chapter 94: Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction - p. 395 102. CALCULI AND CALCINOSIS - p. 397 103. Chapter 95: Urolithiasis - p. 397 104. Chapter 96: Nephrocalcinosis - p. 399 105. Chapter 97: Hydronephrosis - p. 401 106. CYSTS AND CYSTIC DISORDERS - p. 405 107. Chapter 98: Simple Renal Cyst - p. 405 108. Chapter 99: Complex Renal Cyst - p. 409 109. Chapter 100: Cystic Disease of Dialysis - p. 413 110. Chapter 101: Cystic Nephroma - p. 417 111. Chapter 102: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease - p. 419 112. URINARY TRACT INFECTION - p. 423 113. Chapter 103: Acute Pyelonephritis - p. 423 114. Chapter 104: Renal Abscess - p. 425 115. Chapter 105: Emphysematous Pyelonephritis - p. 427 116. Chapter 106: Pyonephrosis - p. 429 117. Chapter 107: Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis - p. 431 118. Chapter 108: Tuberculosis, Urinary Tract - p. 433 119. SOLID RENAL NEOPLASMS - p. 435 120. Chapter 109: Renal Cell Carcinoma - p. 435 121. Chapter 110: Renal Angiomyolipoma - p. 439 122. Chapter 111: Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma - p. 441 123. Chapter 112: Renal Lymphoma - p. 443 124. VASCULAR CONDITIONS - p. 447 125. Chapter 113: Renal Artery Stenosis - p. 447 126. Chapter 114: Renal Vein Thrombosis - p. 451 127. Chapter 115: Renal Infarct - p. 453 128. Chapter 116: Perinephric Hematoma - p. 455 129. PROSTATE - p. 457 130. Chapter 117: Prostatic Hyperplasia - p. 457 131. Chapter 118: Prostatic Carcinoma - p. 461 132. BLADDER - p. 465 133. Chapter 119: Bladder Carcinoma - p. 465 134. Chapter 120: Ureterocele - p. 469 135. Chapter 121: Bladder Diverticulum - p. 473 136. Chapter 122: Bladder Calculi - p. 477 137. Chapter 123: Schistosomiasis, Bladder - p. 479 138. Chapter 124: Urethral Diverticulum - p. 481 139. SECTION 6: KIDNEY TRANSPLANT - p. 483 140. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 483 141. Chapter 125: Approach to Sonography of Renal Allografts - p. 483 142. RENAL TRANSPLANT COMPLICATIONS - p. 489 143. Chapter 126: Allograft Hydronephrosis - p. 489 144. Chapter 127: Perirenal Transplant Fluid Collections - p. 493 145. Chapter 128: Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis - p. 497 146. Chapter 129: Transplant Renal Artery Thrombosis - p. 501 147. Chapter 130: Transplant Renal Vein Thrombosis - p. 503 148. Chapter 131: Renal Transplant Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula - p. 505 149. Chapter 132: Renal Transplant Pseudoaneurysm - p. 507 150. Chapter 133: Renal Transplant Rejection - p. 509 151. Chapter 134: Delayed Renal Graft Function - p. 511 152. SECTION 7: ADRENAL GLAND - p. 513 153. Chapter 135: Adrenal Hemorrhage - p. 513 154. Chapter 136: Myelolipoma - p. 519 155. Chapter 137: Adrenal Adenoma - p. 523 156. Chapter 138: Adrenal Cyst - p. 527 157. Chapter 139: Pheochromocytoma - p. 529 158. Chapter 140: Adrenal Carcinoma - p. 533 159. SECTION 8: ABDOMINAL WALL/PERITONEAL CAVITY - p. 537 160. Chapter 141: Approach to Sonography of Abdominal Wall/Peritoneal Cavity - p. 537 161. Chapter 142: Abdominal Wall Hernia - p. 543 162. Chapter 143: Groin Hernia - p. 547 163. Chapter 144: Ascites - p. 551 164. Chapter 145: Peritoneal Carcinomatosis - p. 555 165. Chapter 146: Peritoneal Space Abscess - p. 559 166. Chapter 147: Segmental Omental Infarction - p. 563 167. SECTION 9: BOWEL - p. 565 168. Chapter 148: Approach to Bowel Sonography - p. 565 169. Chapter 149: Bowel Features - p. 571 170. Chapter 150: Appendicitis - p. 577 171. Chapter 151: Appendiceal Mucocele - p. 581 172. Chapter 152: Intussusception - p. 585 173. Chapter 153: Epiploic Appendagitis - p. 589 174. Chapter 154: Diverticulitis - p. 593 175. Chapter 155: Crohn Disease - p. 597 176. Chapter 156: Bowel Masses - p. 603 177. SECTION 10: SCROTUM - p. 609 178. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 609 179. Chapter 157: Approach to Scrotal Sonography - p. 609 180. SCROTAL LESIONS - p. 613 181. Chapter 158: Testicular Germ Cell Tumors - p. 613 182. Chapter 159: Gonadal Stromal Tumors, Testis - p. 617 183. Chapter 160: Testicular Lymphoma/Leukemia - p. 621 184. Chapter 161: Epidermoid Cyst - p. 623 185. Chapter 162: Tubular Ectasia of Rete Testis - p. 625 186. Chapter 163: Testicular Microlithiasis - p. 627 187. Chapter 164: Testicular Torsion/Infarction - p. 631 188. Chapter 165: Undescended Testis - p. 635 189. Chapter 166: Epididymitis/Orchitis - p. 637 190. Chapter 167: Scrotal Trauma - p. 641 191. Chapter 168: Hydrocele - p. 645 192. Chapter 169: Spermatocele/Epididymal Cyst - p. 647 193. Chapter 170: Adenomatoid Tumor - p. 649 194. Chapter 171: Varicocele - p. 651 195. SECTION 11: FEMALE PELVIS - p. 653 196. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - p. 653 197. Chapter 172: Approach to Sonography of the Female Pelvis - p. 653 198. CERVICAL AND MYOMETRIAL PATHOLOGY - p. 657 199. Chapter 173: Nabothian Cyst - p. 657 200. Chapter 174: Cervical Carcinoma - p. 659 201. Chapter 175: Adenomyosis - p. 663 202. Chapter 176: Leiomyoma - p. 667 203. Chapter 177: Uterine Anomalies - p. 671 204. ENDOMETRIAL DISORDERS - p. 677 205. Chapter 178: Hematometrocolpos - p. 677 206. Chapter 179: Endometrial Polyp - p. 681 207. Chapter 180: Endometrial Carcinoma - p. 685 208. Chapter 181: Endometritis - p. 689 209. Chapter 182: Intrauterine Device - p. 691 210. PREGNANCY-RELATED DISORDERS - p. 695 211. Chapter 183: Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy - p. 695 212. Chapter 184: Unusual Ectopic Pregnancies - p. 701 213. Chapter 185: Failed 1st-Trimester Pregnancy - p. 707 214. Chapter 186: Retained Products of Conception - p. 711 215. Chapter 187: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease - p. 715 216. OVARIAN CYSTS AND CYSTIC NEOPLASMS - p. 719 217. Chapter 188: Functional Ovarian Cyst - p. 719 218. Chapter 189: Hemorrhagic Cyst - p. 721 219. Chapter 190: Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome - p. 725 220. Chapter 191: Serous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcinoma - p. 729 221. Chapter 192: Mucinous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcinoma - p. 733 222. Chapter 193: Ovarian Teratoma - p. 737 223. Chapter 194: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome - p. 741 224. Chapter 195: Endometrioma - p. 743 225. Chapter 196: O-RADS - p. 747 226. NON-OVARIAN CYSTIC MASSES - p. 751 227. Chapter 197: Hydrosalpinx - p. 751 228. Chapter 198: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - p. 755 229. Chapter 199: Paraovarian Cyst - p. 759 230. Chapter 200: Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst - p. 761 231. VAGINAL AND VULVAR CYSTS - p. 765 232. Chapter 201: Bartholin Cyst - p. 765 233. Chapter 202: Gartner Duct Cyst - p. 767 234. MISCELLANEOUS OVARIAN MASSES - p. 771 235. Chapter 203: Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor - p. 771 236. Chapter 204: Adnexal/Ovarian Torsion - p. 775 237. Chapter 205: Ovarian Metastases, Including Krukenberg Tumor - p. 779 238. Part III: Differential Diagnoses - p. 781 239. SECTION 1: LIVER - p. 781 240. Chapter 206: Hepatomegaly - p. 781 241. Chapter 207: Diffuse Liver Disease - p. 787 242. Chapter 208: Cystic Liver Lesion - p. 789 243. Chapter 209: Hypoechoic Liver Mass - p. 793 244. Chapter 210: Echogenic Liver Mass - p. 797 245. Chapter 211: Target Lesions in Liver - p. 801 246. Chapter 212: Multiple Hepatic Masses - p. 803 247. Chapter 213: Hepatic Mass With Central Scar - p. 807 248. Chapter 214: Periportal Lesion - p. 809 249. Chapter 215: Irregular Hepatic Surface - p. 813 250. Chapter 216: Portal Vein Abnormality - p. 815 251. SECTION 2: BILIARY SYSTEM - p. 817 252. GALLBLADDER - p. 817 253. Chapter 217: Diffuse Gallbladder Wall Thickening - p. 817 254. Chapter 218: Hyperechoic Gallbladder Wall - p. 823 255. Chapter 219: Focal Gallbladder Wall Thickening/Mass - p. 825 256. Chapter 220: Echogenic Material in Gallbladder Lumen - p. 827 257. Chapter 221: Dilated Gallbladder - p. 829 258. BILE DUCTS - p. 833 259. Chapter 222: Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Duct Dilatation - p. 833 260. SECTION 3: PANCREAS - p. 835 261. Chapter 223: Cystic Pancreatic Lesion - p. 835 262. Chapter 224: Solid Pancreatic Lesion - p. 841 263. Chapter 225: Pancreatic Duct Dilatation - p. 845 264. SECTION 4: SPLEEN - p. 847 265. Chapter 226: Focal Splenic Lesion - p. 847 266. SECTION 5: URINARY TRACT - p. 853 267. Chapter 227: Intraluminal Bladder Mass - p. 853 268. Chapter 228: Abnormal Bladder Wall - p. 857 269. SECTION 6: KIDNEY - p. 861 270. Chapter 229: Enlarged Kidney - p. 861 271. Chapter 230: Small Kidney - p. 867 272. Chapter 231: Hypoechoic Kidney - p. 871 273. Chapter 232: Hyperechoic Kidney - p. 875 274. Chapter 233: Cystic Renal Mass - p. 879 275. Chapter 234: Solid Renal Mass - p. 883 276. Chapter 235: Renal Pseudotumor - p. 887 277. Chapter 236: Dilated Renal Pelvis - p. 889 278. SECTION 7: ABDOMINAL WALL/PERITONEAL CAVITY - p. 893 279. Chapter 237: Diffuse Peritoneal Fluid - p. 893 280. Chapter 238: Solid Peritoneal Mass - p. 897 281. Chapter 239: Cystic Peritoneal Mass - p. 901 282. SECTION 8: PROSTATE - p. 905 283. Chapter 240: Enlarged Prostate - p. 905 284. Chapter 241: Focal Lesion in Prostate - p. 909 285. SECTION 9: BOWEL - p. 913 286. Chapter 242: Bowel Wall Thickening - p. 913 287. SECTION 10: SCROTUM - p. 921 288. Chapter 243: Diffuse Testicular Enlargement - p. 921 289. Chapter 244: Decreased Testicular Size - p. 925 290. Chapter 245: Testicular Calcifications - p. 927 291. Chapter 246: Focal Testicular Mass - p. 929 292. Chapter 247: Focal Extratesticular Mass - p. 933 293. Chapter 248: Extratesticular Cystic Mass - p. 937 294. SECTION 11: FEMALE PELVIS - p. 939 295. Chapter 249: Cystic Adnexal Mass - p. 939 296. Chapter 250: Solid Adnexal Mass - p. 945 297. Chapter 251: Extraovarian Adnexal Mass - p. 949 298. Chapter 252: Enlarged Ovary - p. 953 299. Chapter 253: Enlarged Uterus - p. 957 300. Chapter 254: Abnormal Endometrium - p. 959 301. INDEX - p. 965
