How does education affect economic and social outcomes, and how can it inform public policy? Volume 3 of the Handbooks in the Economics of Education uses newly available high quality data from around the world to address these and other core questions. With the help of new methodological approaches, contributors cover econometric methods and international test score data. They examine the determinants of educational outcomes and issues surrounding teacher salaries and licensure. And reflecting government demands for more evidence-based policies, they take new looks at institutional feaures of school systems. Volume editors Eric A. Hanushek (Stanford), Stephen Machin (University College London) and Ludger Woessmann (Ifo Institute for Economic Research, Munich) draw clear lines between newly emerging research on the economics of education and prior work. In conjunction with Volume 4, they measure our current understanding of educational acquisition and its economic and social effects.
1. Introduction to the Series 2. Introduction 3. Econometric Methods for Research in Education 4. 1. Introduction 5. 2. Wage Equations and the Returns to Education 6. 3. The Returns to Education and Labor Force Participation 7. 4. Education Policy and the Estimated Returns to Education 8. 5. Estimation of School Input Effects 9. 6. Conclusions 10. The Economics of International Differences in Educational Achievement 11. 1. Introduction 12. 2. Economic Motivation 13. 3. International Tests of Educational Achievement 14. 4. Determinants of International Educational Achievement 15. 5. Economic Consequences of International Educational Achievement 16. 6. Conclusion and Outlook 17. Education and Family Background 18. 1. Background and Motivation 19. 2. How Important Is Family Background for Final Educational Attainment? 20. 3. Theory: A Taxonomy of Effects 21. 4. How the Family Affects the Child 22. 5. What Education Policy Can Do at Different Stages of the Educational Career: Lessons from Research on Reforms 23. 6. Conclusions 24. Acknowledgements 25. Peer Effects in Education: How Might They Work, How Big Are They and How Much Do We Know Thus Far? 26. 1. Introduction and Overview 27. 2. Models of Peer Effects 28. 3. Identification of Peer Effects 29. 4. Empirical Results on Peer Effects in Primary and Secondary Education 30. 5. Going Beyond Test Scores 31. 6. Effects in Post-Secondary Education 32. 7. Conclusions 33. Teacher Compensation and Collective Bargaining 34. 1. Introduction 35. 2. Studies of Relative Teacher Pay 36. 3. Quantity versus Quality Tradeoffs 37. 4. Comparing Teacher and Nonteacher Compensation 38. 5. Teacher Pay and Student Achievement 39. 6. Structure of Teacher Compensation 40. 7. Trends in Market-Based Pay 41. 8. Teacher Collective Bargaining 42. 9. Conclusion 43. Acknowledgements 44. Licensure 45. 1. Background 46. 2. Theoretical Arguments for and Against Teacher Licensure 47. 3. Teacher Licensure Systems in the U.S. and Abroad 48. 4. Empirical Evidence on the Impact of Teacher Licensure 49. 5. Concluding Thoughts 50. The Economics of Tracking in Education 51. 1. Introduction 52. 2. Theoretical Foundations: Lessons for Various Empirical Approaches 53. 3. Tracking and School Resources 54. 4. Empirical Approaches to Estimating the Effects of Tracking 55. 5. Conclusion and Outline of a Possible Research Agenda for the Future 56. Acknowledgements 57. School Accountability 58. 1. Introduction 59. 2. The Rationale for School-Based Accountability 60. 3. The Nature of Accountability 61. 4. Accountability Might Not Improve School Performance 62. 5. Evidence on Student Outcomes 63. 6. Accountability and Teacher Labor Markets 64. 7. Directions for Future Research 65. The GED 66. 1. Introduction 67. 2. Institutional Background and Functions of the GED 68. 3. The Effects of GED Certification 69. 4. Changes and Growth in the GED Test Taking Population 70. 5. Adverse Consequences of the GED 71. 6. Conclusion 72. Housing Valuations of School Performance 73. 1. Introduction 74. 2. Using Housing Expenditures to Value School Quality 75. 3. Data Issues Relating to House Prices and School Quality 76. 4. Empirical Methodologies and Review of Evidence 77. 5. Conclusions 78. Acknowledgements 79. Apprenticeship 80. 1. Introduction 81. 2. Firm Behavior in Providing and Financing Apprenticeship Training 82. 3. Empirical Observations on the Specificity of Human Capital, Net Cost of Apprenticeship Training and the Business Cycle 83. 4. Outcomes for Apprentices 84. 5. Institutional Foundations of Apprenticeship 85. 6. Conclusions
How does education affect economic and social outcomes, and how can it inform public policy? Volume 3 of the Handbooks in the Economics of Education uses newly available high quality data from around the world to address these and other core questions. With the help of new methodological approaches, contributors cover econometric methods and international test score data. They examine the determinants of educational outcomes and issues surrounding teacher salaries and licensure. And reflecting government demands for more evidence-based policies, they take new looks at institutional feaures of school systems. Volume editors Eric A. Hanushek (Stanford), Stephen Machin (University College London) and Ludger Woessmann (Ifo Institute for Economic Research, Munich) draw clear lines between newly emerging research on the economics of education and prior work. In conjunction with Volume 4, they measure our current understanding of educational acquisition and its economic and social effects.
1. Introduction to the Series 2. Introduction 3. Econometric Methods for Research in Education 4. 1. Introduction 5. 2. Wage Equations and the Returns to Education 6. 3. The Returns to Education and Labor Force Participation 7. 4. Education Policy and the Estimated Returns to Education 8. 5. Estimation of School Input Effects 9. 6. Conclusions 10. The Economics of International Differences in Educational Achievement 11. 1. Introduction 12. 2. Economic Motivation 13. 3. International Tests of Educational Achievement 14. 4. Determinants of International Educational Achievement 15. 5. Economic Consequences of International Educational Achievement 16. 6. Conclusion and Outlook 17. Education and Family Background 18. 1. Background and Motivation 19. 2. How Important Is Family Background for Final Educational Attainment? 20. 3. Theory: A Taxonomy of Effects 21. 4. How the Family Affects the Child 22. 5. What Education Policy Can Do at Different Stages of the Educational Career: Lessons from Research on Reforms 23. 6. Conclusions 24. Acknowledgements 25. Peer Effects in Education: How Might They Work, How Big Are They and How Much Do We Know Thus Far? 26. 1. Introduction and Overview 27. 2. Models of Peer Effects 28. 3. Identification of Peer Effects 29. 4. Empirical Results on Peer Effects in Primary and Secondary Education 30. 5. Going Beyond Test Scores 31. 6. Effects in Post-Secondary Education 32. 7. Conclusions 33. Teacher Compensation and Collective Bargaining 34. 1. Introduction 35. 2. Studies of Relative Teacher Pay 36. 3. Quantity versus Quality Tradeoffs 37. 4. Comparing Teacher and Nonteacher Compensation 38. 5. Teacher Pay and Student Achievement 39. 6. Structure of Teacher Compensation 40. 7. Trends in Market-Based Pay 41. 8. Teacher Collective Bargaining 42. 9. Conclusion 43. Acknowledgements 44. Licensure 45. 1. Background 46. 2. Theoretical Arguments for and Against Teacher Licensure 47. 3. Teacher Licensure Systems in the U.S. and Abroad 48. 4. Empirical Evidence on the Impact of Teacher Licensure 49. 5. Concluding Thoughts 50. The Economics of Tracking in Education 51. 1. Introduction 52. 2. Theoretical Foundations: Lessons for Various Empirical Approaches 53. 3. Tracking and School Resources 54. 4. Empirical Approaches to Estimating the Effects of Tracking 55. 5. Conclusion and Outline of a Possible Research Agenda for the Future 56. Acknowledgements 57. School Accountability 58. 1. Introduction 59. 2. The Rationale for School-Based Accountability 60. 3. The Nature of Accountability 61. 4. Accountability Might Not Improve School Performance 62. 5. Evidence on Student Outcomes 63. 6. Accountability and Teacher Labor Markets 64. 7. Directions for Future Research 65. The GED 66. 1. Introduction 67. 2. Institutional Background and Functions of the GED 68. 3. The Effects of GED Certification 69. 4. Changes and Growth in the GED Test Taking Population 70. 5. Adverse Consequences of the GED 71. 6. Conclusion 72. Housing Valuations of School Performance 73. 1. Introduction 74. 2. Using Housing Expenditures to Value School Quality 75. 3. Data Issues Relating to House Prices and School Quality 76. 4. Empirical Methodologies and Review of Evidence 77. 5. Conclusions 78. Acknowledgements 79. Apprenticeship 80. 1. Introduction 81. 2. Firm Behavior in Providing and Financing Apprenticeship Training 82. 3. Empirical Observations on the Specificity of Human Capital, Net Cost of Apprenticeship Training and the Business Cycle 83. 4. Outcomes for Apprentices 84. 5. Institutional Foundations of Apprenticeship 85. 6. Conclusions
