Brains and Machines: Towards a unified Ethics of AI and Neuroscience provides a comprehensive overview of concepts and ethical issues at the intersection of two emerging technological trends in the 21st century: AI and neurotechnology. In line with recent advances across both fields, debates about philosophical, ethical, regulatory and social issues raised by neuroscience and AI have considerably expanded in the past decade. Yet, despite many intersections and fruitful interactions between the two scientific domains, ethical debates about neuroscience and AI have mostly moved in parallel. This volume assembles voices from various disciplines to provide a more unified view and offer novel perspectives on two complementary lines of discourse. The volume provides scientific background by outlining the state of the art of applying AI in the field of neuroscience and discussing instances where findings and debates from neuroscience provide cues and inspiration to the study of AI. Based on this background, the book then addresses conceptual frameworks, identifies ethical challenges at the intersection of neuroscience and AI, and highlights challenges and opportunities of finding common ground in interdisciplinary settings.
1. Introduction: Navigating ethics at the intersection of AI and neuroscience - p. iii 2. Section 1 AI for Neuroscience - p. p25 3. Chapter One: AI for brain-computer interfaces - p. p25 4. Chapter Two: Computational psychiatry and AI - High hopes: heralded heights or hollow hype? - p. p26 5. Chapter Three: Computational psychiatry and digital phenotyping: Ethical and neurorights implications - p. p45 6. Section 2 Neuroscience for AI - p. p61 7. Chapter Four: Neuroscience for AI: The importance of theory of mind - p. p61 8. Chapter Five: Sense of agency in human-human and human-computer interactions - p. p81 9. Chapter Six: Anthropomorphism in social AIs: Some challenges - p. p100 10. Chapter Seven: (Mis)decoding affect in the face and in the brain - p. p120 11. Section 3 Finding common ground - p. p137 12. Chapter Eight: Algorithmic regulation: A compatible framework for AI and DTC neurotechnologies - p. p137 13. Chapter Nine: The extended mind thesis and the cognitive artifacts approach: A comparison - p. p162 14. Chapter Ten: The ethical implications of indicators of consciousness in artificial systems - p. p183 15. Chapter Eleven: Moral dimensions of synthetic biological intelligence: Unravelling the ethics of neural integration - p. p196 16. Chapter Twelve: What the embedded ethics approach brings to AI-enhanced neuroscience - p. p213 17. Chapter Thirteen: From being embedded in practice: Working situated and interdisciplinary in the neurosciences and neurocomputation as ethicists and social scientists - p. p224 18. Chapter Fourteen: Beyond participation: Towards a community-led approach to value alignment of AI in medicine - p. p238 19. Epilogue: Harmonizing the ethical symbiosis of brains and machines - p. p261
Brains and Machines: Towards a unified Ethics of AI and Neuroscience provides a comprehensive overview of concepts and ethical issues at the intersection of two emerging technological trends in the 21st century: AI and neurotechnology. In line with recent advances across both fields, debates about philosophical, ethical, regulatory and social issues raised by neuroscience and AI have considerably expanded in the past decade. Yet, despite many intersections and fruitful interactions between the two scientific domains, ethical debates about neuroscience and AI have mostly moved in parallel. This volume assembles voices from various disciplines to provide a more unified view and offer novel perspectives on two complementary lines of discourse. The volume provides scientific background by outlining the state of the art of applying AI in the field of neuroscience and discussing instances where findings and debates from neuroscience provide cues and inspiration to the study of AI. Based on this background, the book then addresses conceptual frameworks, identifies ethical challenges at the intersection of neuroscience and AI, and highlights challenges and opportunities of finding common ground in interdisciplinary settings.
1. Introduction: Navigating ethics at the intersection of AI and neuroscience - p. iii 2. Section 1 AI for Neuroscience - p. p25 3. Chapter One: AI for brain-computer interfaces - p. p25 4. Chapter Two: Computational psychiatry and AI - High hopes: heralded heights or hollow hype? - p. p26 5. Chapter Three: Computational psychiatry and digital phenotyping: Ethical and neurorights implications - p. p45 6. Section 2 Neuroscience for AI - p. p61 7. Chapter Four: Neuroscience for AI: The importance of theory of mind - p. p61 8. Chapter Five: Sense of agency in human-human and human-computer interactions - p. p81 9. Chapter Six: Anthropomorphism in social AIs: Some challenges - p. p100 10. Chapter Seven: (Mis)decoding affect in the face and in the brain - p. p120 11. Section 3 Finding common ground - p. p137 12. Chapter Eight: Algorithmic regulation: A compatible framework for AI and DTC neurotechnologies - p. p137 13. Chapter Nine: The extended mind thesis and the cognitive artifacts approach: A comparison - p. p162 14. Chapter Ten: The ethical implications of indicators of consciousness in artificial systems - p. p183 15. Chapter Eleven: Moral dimensions of synthetic biological intelligence: Unravelling the ethics of neural integration - p. p196 16. Chapter Twelve: What the embedded ethics approach brings to AI-enhanced neuroscience - p. p213 17. Chapter Thirteen: From being embedded in practice: Working situated and interdisciplinary in the neurosciences and neurocomputation as ethicists and social scientists - p. p224 18. Chapter Fourteen: Beyond participation: Towards a community-led approach to value alignment of AI in medicine - p. p238 19. Epilogue: Harmonizing the ethical symbiosis of brains and machines - p. p261
