The contributions in this volume cover methods for removal of particle contaminants on surfaces. Several of these methods are well established and have been employed in industrial applications for a long time. However, the ever- higher demand for removal of smaller particles on newer substrate materials is driving continuous development of the established cleaning methods and alternative innovative methods for particle removal. This book provides information on the latest developments in this topic area.
Feature: Comprehensive coverage of innovations in surface contamination and cleaning
Benefit: One-stop series where a wide range of readers will be sure to find a solution to their cleaning problem, saving the time involved in consulting a range of disparate sources.
Feature: Written by established experts in the contamination and cleaning field
Benefit: Provides an authoritative resource
Feature: Each chapter is a comprehensive review of the state of the art.
Benefit: Can be relied on to provide insight, clarity and real expertise on up-to-the-minute innovations.
Feature: Case studies included
Benefit: Case studies help the reader see theory applied to the solution of real-world practical cleaning and contamination problems.
1. 1. Introduction 2. 2. Theoretical Background 3. 3. Supersonic Nozzle Beam Technique 4. 4. Electrospray Technique 5. 5. Summary 6. Chapter 2. Megasonic Cleaning 7. 1. Introduction 8. 2. Cleaning Mechanism 9. 3. Theory of Megasonic Cleaning 10. 4. Surface Cleanliness Measurement 11. 5. Megasonic System Evaluation in the Laboratory and in Industry 12. 6. Industry Case Studies 13. 7. Concluding Remarks 14. Chapter 3. Laser Cleaning for Removal of Nano/Micro-Scale Particles and Film Contamination 15. 1. Introduction 16. 2. Dry Particle Removal Technique Requirements 17. 3. Laser Cleaning Techniques 18. 4. Future Directions in Laser Particle Removal Research 19. 5. Conclusions and Remarks 20. Chapter 4. Non-Aqueous Interior Surface Cleaning Using Projectiles 21. 1. Introduction 22. 2. Types of Contamination 23. 3. Effects of Contamination 24. 4. Fluid Cleanliness Levels 25. 5. Tube Cleaning Methods 26. 6. Non-Aqueous Projectile Cleaning Method 27. 7. Summary 28. Chapter 5. Electrostatic Removal of Particles and its Applications to Self-Cleaning Solar Panels and Solar Concentrators 29. 1. Introduction 30. 2. Solar Power Potential and the Global Energy Needs 31. 3. Atmospheric Dust and Its Deposition on Solar Panel 32. 4. Loss of PV Output Power Caused by Dust Deposition 33. 5. Electrostatic Charging of Dust Particles 34. 6. Dust Deposition Process: Effects of Size and Charge Distributions 35. 7. Transmission Loss Due to Atmospheric Dust 36. 8. Experimental Studies on Solar Panel Obscuration by Dust Deposition 37. 9. Effect of Microstructural Deposition Pattern: Particle Size, Shape, and Electrostatic Charge Distributions 38. 10. Removal of Dust From Solar Panels Using Low-Power Electrodynamic Screens 39. 11. Trajectories of Charged Particles on the Electrodynamic Screen 40. 12. Dielectrophoretic Force 41. 13. Tribocharging of Particles 42. 14. Removal of Uncharged Conducting Particles 43. 15. High-Voltage Three-Phase Power Supply for the Electrodynamic Screen 44. 16. Testing of the Electrodynamic Screen 45. 17. Measurement of Maximum Power Point Operation of the PV System With EDS 46. 18. Testing the Solar Panels Integrated With EDS for Maximum Power Point Operation 47. 19. Results 48. 20. Summary and Conclusions 49. Chapter 6. Alternate Semi-Aqueous Precision Cleaning Techniques: Steam Cleaning and Supersonic Gas/Liquid Cleaning Systems 50. 1. Introduction 51. 2. Precision Steam Cleaning 52. 3. Supersonic Gas-Liquid Cleaning 53. 4. Summary 54. Index
The contributions in this volume cover methods for removal of particle contaminants on surfaces. Several of these methods are well established and have been employed in industrial applications for a long time. However, the ever- higher demand for removal of smaller particles on newer substrate materials is driving continuous development of the established cleaning methods and alternative innovative methods for particle removal. This book provides information on the latest developments in this topic area.
Feature: Comprehensive coverage of innovations in surface contamination and cleaning
Benefit: One-stop series where a wide range of readers will be sure to find a solution to their cleaning problem, saving the time involved in consulting a range of disparate sources.
Feature: Written by established experts in the contamination and cleaning field
Benefit: Provides an authoritative resource
Feature: Each chapter is a comprehensive review of the state of the art.
Benefit: Can be relied on to provide insight, clarity and real expertise on up-to-the-minute innovations.
Feature: Case studies included
Benefit: Case studies help the reader see theory applied to the solution of real-world practical cleaning and contamination problems.
1. 1. Introduction 2. 2. Theoretical Background 3. 3. Supersonic Nozzle Beam Technique 4. 4. Electrospray Technique 5. 5. Summary 6. Chapter 2. Megasonic Cleaning 7. 1. Introduction 8. 2. Cleaning Mechanism 9. 3. Theory of Megasonic Cleaning 10. 4. Surface Cleanliness Measurement 11. 5. Megasonic System Evaluation in the Laboratory and in Industry 12. 6. Industry Case Studies 13. 7. Concluding Remarks 14. Chapter 3. Laser Cleaning for Removal of Nano/Micro-Scale Particles and Film Contamination 15. 1. Introduction 16. 2. Dry Particle Removal Technique Requirements 17. 3. Laser Cleaning Techniques 18. 4. Future Directions in Laser Particle Removal Research 19. 5. Conclusions and Remarks 20. Chapter 4. Non-Aqueous Interior Surface Cleaning Using Projectiles 21. 1. Introduction 22. 2. Types of Contamination 23. 3. Effects of Contamination 24. 4. Fluid Cleanliness Levels 25. 5. Tube Cleaning Methods 26. 6. Non-Aqueous Projectile Cleaning Method 27. 7. Summary 28. Chapter 5. Electrostatic Removal of Particles and its Applications to Self-Cleaning Solar Panels and Solar Concentrators 29. 1. Introduction 30. 2. Solar Power Potential and the Global Energy Needs 31. 3. Atmospheric Dust and Its Deposition on Solar Panel 32. 4. Loss of PV Output Power Caused by Dust Deposition 33. 5. Electrostatic Charging of Dust Particles 34. 6. Dust Deposition Process: Effects of Size and Charge Distributions 35. 7. Transmission Loss Due to Atmospheric Dust 36. 8. Experimental Studies on Solar Panel Obscuration by Dust Deposition 37. 9. Effect of Microstructural Deposition Pattern: Particle Size, Shape, and Electrostatic Charge Distributions 38. 10. Removal of Dust From Solar Panels Using Low-Power Electrodynamic Screens 39. 11. Trajectories of Charged Particles on the Electrodynamic Screen 40. 12. Dielectrophoretic Force 41. 13. Tribocharging of Particles 42. 14. Removal of Uncharged Conducting Particles 43. 15. High-Voltage Three-Phase Power Supply for the Electrodynamic Screen 44. 16. Testing of the Electrodynamic Screen 45. 17. Measurement of Maximum Power Point Operation of the PV System With EDS 46. 18. Testing the Solar Panels Integrated With EDS for Maximum Power Point Operation 47. 19. Results 48. 20. Summary and Conclusions 49. Chapter 6. Alternate Semi-Aqueous Precision Cleaning Techniques: Steam Cleaning and Supersonic Gas/Liquid Cleaning Systems 50. 1. Introduction 51. 2. Precision Steam Cleaning 52. 3. Supersonic Gas-Liquid Cleaning 53. 4. Summary 54. Index
