Offering expert, dependable, accurate guidance on every facet of adult and pediatric cardiac surgery, Kirklin/Barratt-Boyes Cardiac Surgery, 5th Edition, remains the gold standard text in this fast-changing field. World-renowned editors and authors from six continents provide meticulously updated information on the major changes and innovations over the past decade, including classical surgical updates, catheter-based procedures, robotics, minimally invasive approaches, and hybrid techniques. This dynamic and indispensable reference thoroughly and systematically covers the full range of new and classic surgical procedures, presenting the up-to-date clinical evidence you need to make effective management decisions for every patient.
1. Introduction - p. 130 2. Early recovery after cardiac surgery - p. 130 3. Pulmonary subsystem - p. 147 4. Renal subsystem - p. 154 5. Neuropsychological subsystem - p. 157 6. Gastrointestinal subsystem - p. 160 7. Endocrine subsystem - p. 163 8. Hematologic subsystem - p. 164 9. Special considerations after cardiac surgery - p. 165 10. Cardiac tamponade - p. 166 11. Infection - p. 166 12. Chylothorax - p. 168 13. Interdisciplinary approaches to care - p. 169 14. Section IV: Special considerations in the postoperative care of neonates and infants - p. 170 15. General comments - p. 171 16. Pulmonary hypertensive crises - p. 171 17. Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) - p. 172 18. Optimal recovery following infant pediatric cardiac surgery - p. 172 19. References - p. 172 20. Protocol for Reducing Arterial Blood Pressure and Afterload - p. 173 21. Standard Infusion Rates of Inotropic and Vasopressor Agents - p. 175 22. Protocol for Managing Aspects of Ventricular Electrical Instability - p. 176 23. Protocols for Acute Management of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation - p. 177 24. Protocol for Rapid Atrial Pacing with Atrial Wires - p. 178 25. Protocol for Initial Mechanical Ventilation Management and Early Extubation - p. 179 26. Protocol for Acute Kidney Injury Risk Assessment and Prevention - p. 181 27. Example of an ERAS Implementation Checklist - p. 183 28. References - p. 185.e1 29. 5. Cardiac reoperations: Considerations and techniques - p. 186 30. 6. Cardiac imaging - p. 200 31. 7. Generating knowledge from information, data, and analyses - p. 235 32. Section I: Generating knowledge from information, data, and analyses - p. 237 33. Section II: Information - p. 252 34. Section III: Data - p. 261 35. Section IV: Analyses - p. 271 36. Historical note - p. 272 37. Overview - p. 274 38. Uncertainty - p. 274 39. Multivariable analysis - p. 278 40. Early events - p. 294 41. Time-related events - p. 297 42. Longitudinal outcomes - p. 314 43. Section V: Generating knowledge to facilitate clinical decisions - p. 319 44. Section VI: Disseminating knowledge - p. 336 45. Section VII: Special methods and controversies - p. 341 46. Appendices - p. 349 47. References - p. 352.e1 48. 8. Quality assurance - p. 353 49. Section I: Quality assurance in adult cardiac surgery - p. 354 50. Section II: Quality assurance in pediatric cardiac surgery - p. 369 51. Section III: Controversies in quality assurance - p. 378 52. 8A. Case Study: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Composite Measure - p. 383.e1 53. Development of the participant-level composite measure - p. 383.e1 54. Final methodology - p. 383.e7 55. 8B. Advanced analytics for quality assurance - p. 383.e10 56. Machine learning: Promises, perils, and progress - p. 383.e10 57. Visualization: A picture is worth a thousand words - p. 383.e11 58. References - p. 383.e15 59. PART II. Ischemic Heart Disease - p. 383.e30 60. 9. Stenotic arteriosclerotic coronary artery disease - p. 384 61. Definition - p. 385 62. Historical note - p. 385 63. Morphology - p. 386 64. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 387 65. Natural history - p. 395 66. Technique of operation - p. 407 67. Special features of postoperative care - p. 430 68. Results - p. 432 69. Indications for operation - p. 454 70. Special situations and controversies - p. 457 71. References - p. 463 72. References - p. 463.e1 73. 10. Acute and chronic compl ications of myocardial infarction - p. 464 74. PART III. Acquired Valvar Heart Disease - p. 499.e9 75. 11. Mitral valve disease - p. 500 76. Section I: Mitral valve disease - p. 501 77. Section II: Mitral valve surgery with coexisting tricuspid valve disease - p. 547 78. Section III: Mitral valve surgery with coexisting ischemic heart disease - p. 550 79. References - p. 551.e1 80. 12. Aortic valve - p. 552 81. Definition - p. 553 82. Historical note - p. 553 83. Morphology - p. 554 84. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 560 85. Natural history - p. 562 86. Technique of operation - p. 565 87. Special features of postoperative care - p. 597 88. Results - p. 598 89. Indications for operation, selection of technique, and choice of device - p. 619 90. Special situations and controversies - p. 627 91. References - p. 636 92. References - p. 636 93. 13. Tricuspid valve disease - p. 637 94. 14. Infective endocarditis - p. 649 95. PART IV. Other Cardiac Conditions - p. 684.e8 96. 15. Cardiac rhythm disturbances - p. 685 97. 16. Cardiac trauma - p. 724 98. 17. Cardiac tumor - p. 732 99. 18. Pericardial disease - p. 748 100. 19. Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - p. 763 101. PART V. Advanced Heart Failure - p. 786.e8 102. 20. Mechanical circulatory support - p. 787 103. 21. Cardiac transplantation - p. 829 104. Section I: Cardiac transplantation in adults without congenital heart disease - p. 830 105. Section II: Cardiac transplantation for congenital heart disease and pediatric patients - p. 877 106. Section III: Heart-lung transplantation - p. 894 107. References - p. 897 108. PART VI. Diseases of the Thoracic Arteries and Veins - p. 897.e11 109. 22. Acute aortic dissection - p. 898 110. 23. Chronic thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic disease - p. 927 111. 24. Acute traumatic aortic disruption - p. 971 112. 25. Diseases of the pulmonary arteries and systemic veins - p. 986 113. VOLUME 2 - p. 1012.e7 114. PART VII. Congenital Heart Disease - p. 1012.e7 115. 26. Anatomic considerations in congenital heart disease - p. 1013 116. 27. Nomenclature for congenital heart disease - p. 1024 117. Introduction - p. 1024 118. Historical considerations - p. 1024 119. Principles of nomenclature - p. 1025 120. The international pediatric and congenital cardiac code (IPCCC) - p. 1026 121. Eleventh revision of the international classification of diseases (ICD-11) - p. 1027 122. Definitions - p. 1029.e115 123. Virtual atlas - p. 1029.e115 124. References - p. 1029.e115 125. II. E-Tables - p. 1029.e115 126. E-Table 27.1. IPCCC ICD-11 diagnostic hierarchy - p. 1029.e115 127. E-Table 27.2. IPCCC ICD-11 definitions - p. 1029.e115 128. E-Table 27.3. IPCCC ICD-11 codes - p. 1029.e115 129. References - p. 1029.e115 130. 28. Patent ductus arteriosus - p. 1030 131. 29. Atrial septal defect, partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection, unroofed coronary sinus - p. 1044 132. 30. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection - p. 1079 133. 31. Cor triatriatum - p. 1105 134. 32. Atrioventricular septal defect - p. 1114 135. 33. Ventricular septal defect - p. 1164 136. 34. Ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis - p. 1212 137. Section I: Tetralogy of fallot with pulmonary stenosis - p. 1214 138. Definition - p. 1214 139. Historical note - p. 1214 140. Morphology - p. 1214 141. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 1226 142. Natural history - p. 1232 143. Technique of operation - p. 1232 144. Special features of postoperative care - p. 1259 145. Results - p. 1262 146. Indications for operation - p. 1271 147. Special situations and controversies - p. 1272 148. Section II: Tetralogy of fallot with absent pulmonary valve - p. 1278 149. Section III: Tetralogy of fallot with restrictive (flap valve) ventricular septal defect - p. 1281 150. Section IV: Double-chambered right ventricle (low-lying infundibular pulmonary stenosis with or without ventricular septal defect) - p. 1282 151. Section V: Other forms of infundibular or valvar pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defect - p. 1286 152. Appendix - p. 1286 153. References - p. 1287.e1 154. 35. Ventricular septal defect with pulmonary atresia - p. 1288 155. 36. Pulmonary stenosis or atresia with intact ventricular septum - p. 1318 156. 37. Congenital sinus of valsalva aneurysm and aortico ventricular tunnel - p. 1347 157. 38. Congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries - p. 1363 158. 39. Vascular rings and pulmonary artery sling - p. 1397 159. 40. Coarctation of the aorta and interrupted aortic arch - p. 1415 160. Section I: Coarctation of the aorta - p. 1416 161. Section II: Interrupted aortic arch - p. 1453 162. Definition - p. 1453 163. Historical note - p. 1453 164. Morphology and morphogenesis - p. 1453 165. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 1455 166. Natural history - p. 1456 167. Technique of operation - p. 1456 168. Special features of postoperative care - p. 1461 169. Results - p. 1463 170. Indications for operation - p. 1466 171. Special situations and controversies - p. 1466 172. References - p. 1467 173. References - p. 1467 174. 41. Aortopulmonary window - p. 1468 175. 42. Origin of the right or left pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta - p. 1476 176. 43. Truncus arteriosus - p. 1483 177. 44. Transposition of the great arteries - p. 1509 178. Definition - p. 1510 179. Historical note - p. 1510 180. Morphology and morphogenesis - p. 1512 181. Clinical features and physiology - p. 1524 182. Natural history - p. 1527 183. Technique of operation - p. 1531 184. Special features of postoperative care - p. 1548 185. Results - p. 1548 186. Indications for operation - p. 1556 187. Special situations and controversies - p. 1557 188. References - p. 1561 189. References - p. 1561 190. 45. Double outlet right ventricle - p. 1562 191. 46. Double outlet left ventricle - p. 1587 192. 47. Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, other forms of atrioventricular discordant connection, and anatomically corrected malposition of the great arteries - p. 1596 193. 48. Ebstein anomaly - p. 1635 194. 49. Congenital and pediatric mitral valve disease - p. 1666 195. 50. Congenital aortic stenosis - p. 1685 196. 51. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome - p. 1723 197. 52. Functional single ventricle - p. 1756 198. Section I: Functional single ventricle: General concepts - p. 1758 199. Section II: Tricuspid atresia - p. 1760 200. Section III: Double inlet ventricle, atretic atrioventricular valve - p. 1767 201. Section IV: First-stage neonatal palliation for functional single ventricle - p. 1788 202. Section V: Second-stage palliation - p. 1800 203. Section VI: Third-stage palliation (Fontan operation) - p. 1807 204. References - p. 1832.e1 205. 53. Heterotaxy - p. 1833 206. 54. Congenital heart disease in the adult - p. 1846 207. Section I: Overview - p. 1848 208. Section II: Atrial septal defect - p. 1870 209. Section III: Patent foramen ovale - p. 1874 210. Section IV: Ventricular septal defect - p. 1876 211. Section V: Atrioventricular septal defect - p. 1877 212. Section VI: Patent ductus arteriosus - p. 1879 213. Section VII: Bicuspid aortic valve - p. 1880 214. Section VIII: Subaortic stenosis - p. 1887 215. Section IX: Supravalvar aortic stenosis - p. 1889 216. Section X: Aortic arch obstructive problems - p. 1891 217. Section XI: Tetralogy of fallot and other conotruncal anomalies with ventricular septal defect - p. 1897 218. Tetralogy of fallot - p. 1897 219. Morphology - p. 1897 220. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 1898 221. Natural history - p. 1899 222. Technique of operation - p. 1900 223. Results - p. 1901 224. Indications for operation - p. 1902 225. Special situations and controversies - p. 1903 226. Section XII: Transposition of the great arteries - p. 1907 227. Section XIII: Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries - p. 1914 228. Section XIV: Ebstein anomaly - p. 1916 229. Section XV: Coronary artery problems related to congenital heart disease - p. 1921 230. Section XVI: Functional univentricular heart - p. 1927 231. Section XVII: Other anomalies rarely requiring surgery in the adult - p. 1934 232. References - p. 1940 233. 55. Congenital heart surgery in low-resource settings - p. 1941 234. Index - p. I-1
Offering expert, dependable, accurate guidance on every facet of adult and pediatric cardiac surgery, Kirklin/Barratt-Boyes Cardiac Surgery, 5th Edition, remains the gold standard text in this fast-changing field. World-renowned editors and authors from six continents provide meticulously updated information on the major changes and innovations over the past decade, including classical surgical updates, catheter-based procedures, robotics, minimally invasive approaches, and hybrid techniques. This dynamic and indispensable reference thoroughly and systematically covers the full range of new and classic surgical procedures, presenting the up-to-date clinical evidence you need to make effective management decisions for every patient.
1. Introduction - p. 130 2. Early recovery after cardiac surgery - p. 130 3. Pulmonary subsystem - p. 147 4. Renal subsystem - p. 154 5. Neuropsychological subsystem - p. 157 6. Gastrointestinal subsystem - p. 160 7. Endocrine subsystem - p. 163 8. Hematologic subsystem - p. 164 9. Special considerations after cardiac surgery - p. 165 10. Cardiac tamponade - p. 166 11. Infection - p. 166 12. Chylothorax - p. 168 13. Interdisciplinary approaches to care - p. 169 14. Section IV: Special considerations in the postoperative care of neonates and infants - p. 170 15. General comments - p. 171 16. Pulmonary hypertensive crises - p. 171 17. Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) - p. 172 18. Optimal recovery following infant pediatric cardiac surgery - p. 172 19. References - p. 172 20. Protocol for Reducing Arterial Blood Pressure and Afterload - p. 173 21. Standard Infusion Rates of Inotropic and Vasopressor Agents - p. 175 22. Protocol for Managing Aspects of Ventricular Electrical Instability - p. 176 23. Protocols for Acute Management of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation - p. 177 24. Protocol for Rapid Atrial Pacing with Atrial Wires - p. 178 25. Protocol for Initial Mechanical Ventilation Management and Early Extubation - p. 179 26. Protocol for Acute Kidney Injury Risk Assessment and Prevention - p. 181 27. Example of an ERAS Implementation Checklist - p. 183 28. References - p. 185.e1 29. 5. Cardiac reoperations: Considerations and techniques - p. 186 30. 6. Cardiac imaging - p. 200 31. 7. Generating knowledge from information, data, and analyses - p. 235 32. Section I: Generating knowledge from information, data, and analyses - p. 237 33. Section II: Information - p. 252 34. Section III: Data - p. 261 35. Section IV: Analyses - p. 271 36. Historical note - p. 272 37. Overview - p. 274 38. Uncertainty - p. 274 39. Multivariable analysis - p. 278 40. Early events - p. 294 41. Time-related events - p. 297 42. Longitudinal outcomes - p. 314 43. Section V: Generating knowledge to facilitate clinical decisions - p. 319 44. Section VI: Disseminating knowledge - p. 336 45. Section VII: Special methods and controversies - p. 341 46. Appendices - p. 349 47. References - p. 352.e1 48. 8. Quality assurance - p. 353 49. Section I: Quality assurance in adult cardiac surgery - p. 354 50. Section II: Quality assurance in pediatric cardiac surgery - p. 369 51. Section III: Controversies in quality assurance - p. 378 52. 8A. Case Study: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Composite Measure - p. 383.e1 53. Development of the participant-level composite measure - p. 383.e1 54. Final methodology - p. 383.e7 55. 8B. Advanced analytics for quality assurance - p. 383.e10 56. Machine learning: Promises, perils, and progress - p. 383.e10 57. Visualization: A picture is worth a thousand words - p. 383.e11 58. References - p. 383.e15 59. PART II. Ischemic Heart Disease - p. 383.e30 60. 9. Stenotic arteriosclerotic coronary artery disease - p. 384 61. Definition - p. 385 62. Historical note - p. 385 63. Morphology - p. 386 64. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 387 65. Natural history - p. 395 66. Technique of operation - p. 407 67. Special features of postoperative care - p. 430 68. Results - p. 432 69. Indications for operation - p. 454 70. Special situations and controversies - p. 457 71. References - p. 463 72. References - p. 463.e1 73. 10. Acute and chronic compl ications of myocardial infarction - p. 464 74. PART III. Acquired Valvar Heart Disease - p. 499.e9 75. 11. Mitral valve disease - p. 500 76. Section I: Mitral valve disease - p. 501 77. Section II: Mitral valve surgery with coexisting tricuspid valve disease - p. 547 78. Section III: Mitral valve surgery with coexisting ischemic heart disease - p. 550 79. References - p. 551.e1 80. 12. Aortic valve - p. 552 81. Definition - p. 553 82. Historical note - p. 553 83. Morphology - p. 554 84. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 560 85. Natural history - p. 562 86. Technique of operation - p. 565 87. Special features of postoperative care - p. 597 88. Results - p. 598 89. Indications for operation, selection of technique, and choice of device - p. 619 90. Special situations and controversies - p. 627 91. References - p. 636 92. References - p. 636 93. 13. Tricuspid valve disease - p. 637 94. 14. Infective endocarditis - p. 649 95. PART IV. Other Cardiac Conditions - p. 684.e8 96. 15. Cardiac rhythm disturbances - p. 685 97. 16. Cardiac trauma - p. 724 98. 17. Cardiac tumor - p. 732 99. 18. Pericardial disease - p. 748 100. 19. Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - p. 763 101. PART V. Advanced Heart Failure - p. 786.e8 102. 20. Mechanical circulatory support - p. 787 103. 21. Cardiac transplantation - p. 829 104. Section I: Cardiac transplantation in adults without congenital heart disease - p. 830 105. Section II: Cardiac transplantation for congenital heart disease and pediatric patients - p. 877 106. Section III: Heart-lung transplantation - p. 894 107. References - p. 897 108. PART VI. Diseases of the Thoracic Arteries and Veins - p. 897.e11 109. 22. Acute aortic dissection - p. 898 110. 23. Chronic thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic disease - p. 927 111. 24. Acute traumatic aortic disruption - p. 971 112. 25. Diseases of the pulmonary arteries and systemic veins - p. 986 113. VOLUME 2 - p. 1012.e7 114. PART VII. Congenital Heart Disease - p. 1012.e7 115. 26. Anatomic considerations in congenital heart disease - p. 1013 116. 27. Nomenclature for congenital heart disease - p. 1024 117. Introduction - p. 1024 118. Historical considerations - p. 1024 119. Principles of nomenclature - p. 1025 120. The international pediatric and congenital cardiac code (IPCCC) - p. 1026 121. Eleventh revision of the international classification of diseases (ICD-11) - p. 1027 122. Definitions - p. 1029.e115 123. Virtual atlas - p. 1029.e115 124. References - p. 1029.e115 125. II. E-Tables - p. 1029.e115 126. E-Table 27.1. IPCCC ICD-11 diagnostic hierarchy - p. 1029.e115 127. E-Table 27.2. IPCCC ICD-11 definitions - p. 1029.e115 128. E-Table 27.3. IPCCC ICD-11 codes - p. 1029.e115 129. References - p. 1029.e115 130. 28. Patent ductus arteriosus - p. 1030 131. 29. Atrial septal defect, partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection, unroofed coronary sinus - p. 1044 132. 30. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection - p. 1079 133. 31. Cor triatriatum - p. 1105 134. 32. Atrioventricular septal defect - p. 1114 135. 33. Ventricular septal defect - p. 1164 136. 34. Ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis - p. 1212 137. Section I: Tetralogy of fallot with pulmonary stenosis - p. 1214 138. Definition - p. 1214 139. Historical note - p. 1214 140. Morphology - p. 1214 141. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 1226 142. Natural history - p. 1232 143. Technique of operation - p. 1232 144. Special features of postoperative care - p. 1259 145. Results - p. 1262 146. Indications for operation - p. 1271 147. Special situations and controversies - p. 1272 148. Section II: Tetralogy of fallot with absent pulmonary valve - p. 1278 149. Section III: Tetralogy of fallot with restrictive (flap valve) ventricular septal defect - p. 1281 150. Section IV: Double-chambered right ventricle (low-lying infundibular pulmonary stenosis with or without ventricular septal defect) - p. 1282 151. Section V: Other forms of infundibular or valvar pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defect - p. 1286 152. Appendix - p. 1286 153. References - p. 1287.e1 154. 35. Ventricular septal defect with pulmonary atresia - p. 1288 155. 36. Pulmonary stenosis or atresia with intact ventricular septum - p. 1318 156. 37. Congenital sinus of valsalva aneurysm and aortico ventricular tunnel - p. 1347 157. 38. Congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries - p. 1363 158. 39. Vascular rings and pulmonary artery sling - p. 1397 159. 40. Coarctation of the aorta and interrupted aortic arch - p. 1415 160. Section I: Coarctation of the aorta - p. 1416 161. Section II: Interrupted aortic arch - p. 1453 162. Definition - p. 1453 163. Historical note - p. 1453 164. Morphology and morphogenesis - p. 1453 165. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 1455 166. Natural history - p. 1456 167. Technique of operation - p. 1456 168. Special features of postoperative care - p. 1461 169. Results - p. 1463 170. Indications for operation - p. 1466 171. Special situations and controversies - p. 1466 172. References - p. 1467 173. References - p. 1467 174. 41. Aortopulmonary window - p. 1468 175. 42. Origin of the right or left pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta - p. 1476 176. 43. Truncus arteriosus - p. 1483 177. 44. Transposition of the great arteries - p. 1509 178. Definition - p. 1510 179. Historical note - p. 1510 180. Morphology and morphogenesis - p. 1512 181. Clinical features and physiology - p. 1524 182. Natural history - p. 1527 183. Technique of operation - p. 1531 184. Special features of postoperative care - p. 1548 185. Results - p. 1548 186. Indications for operation - p. 1556 187. Special situations and controversies - p. 1557 188. References - p. 1561 189. References - p. 1561 190. 45. Double outlet right ventricle - p. 1562 191. 46. Double outlet left ventricle - p. 1587 192. 47. Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, other forms of atrioventricular discordant connection, and anatomically corrected malposition of the great arteries - p. 1596 193. 48. Ebstein anomaly - p. 1635 194. 49. Congenital and pediatric mitral valve disease - p. 1666 195. 50. Congenital aortic stenosis - p. 1685 196. 51. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome - p. 1723 197. 52. Functional single ventricle - p. 1756 198. Section I: Functional single ventricle: General concepts - p. 1758 199. Section II: Tricuspid atresia - p. 1760 200. Section III: Double inlet ventricle, atretic atrioventricular valve - p. 1767 201. Section IV: First-stage neonatal palliation for functional single ventricle - p. 1788 202. Section V: Second-stage palliation - p. 1800 203. Section VI: Third-stage palliation (Fontan operation) - p. 1807 204. References - p. 1832.e1 205. 53. Heterotaxy - p. 1833 206. 54. Congenital heart disease in the adult - p. 1846 207. Section I: Overview - p. 1848 208. Section II: Atrial septal defect - p. 1870 209. Section III: Patent foramen ovale - p. 1874 210. Section IV: Ventricular septal defect - p. 1876 211. Section V: Atrioventricular septal defect - p. 1877 212. Section VI: Patent ductus arteriosus - p. 1879 213. Section VII: Bicuspid aortic valve - p. 1880 214. Section VIII: Subaortic stenosis - p. 1887 215. Section IX: Supravalvar aortic stenosis - p. 1889 216. Section X: Aortic arch obstructive problems - p. 1891 217. Section XI: Tetralogy of fallot and other conotruncal anomalies with ventricular septal defect - p. 1897 218. Tetralogy of fallot - p. 1897 219. Morphology - p. 1897 220. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria - p. 1898 221. Natural history - p. 1899 222. Technique of operation - p. 1900 223. Results - p. 1901 224. Indications for operation - p. 1902 225. Special situations and controversies - p. 1903 226. Section XII: Transposition of the great arteries - p. 1907 227. Section XIII: Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries - p. 1914 228. Section XIV: Ebstein anomaly - p. 1916 229. Section XV: Coronary artery problems related to congenital heart disease - p. 1921 230. Section XVI: Functional univentricular heart - p. 1927 231. Section XVII: Other anomalies rarely requiring surgery in the adult - p. 1934 232. References - p. 1940 233. 55. Congenital heart surgery in low-resource settings - p. 1941 234. Index - p. I-1
