MICRO 2016: Fate and Impact of Microplastics in Marine Ecosystems

1. Cover image - p. Cover 2. Title page - p. iii 3. Table of Contents - p. iii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. UNESCO MAB Programme - p. v 6. Foreword - p. xxvii 7. Organizing Board and Scientific Committee - p. xxix 8. Conference Programme - p. xxxiii 9. Part I: Abstracts from Oral Presentations - p. l 10. Plastic and Restricted Heavy Metals - p. 4 11. Citizen Research for Ocean Conservation - p. 4 12. Microplastics in Sewage Sludge: Effects of Treatment - p. 5 13. Sources and Fate of Microplastics in Swiss Surface Waters - p. 6 14. Microplastics in a UK Sewage Treatment Plant - p. 6 15. Fates of Plastic Pollution in a Major Urban River: Persistence and Bacterial Colonization of Oil-based Plastics and Bioplastics in the Yarra River, Melbourne, Australia - p. 7 16. Presence and Abundance of Microplastics in Sediments of Tributaries of the River Thames, UK - p. 7 17. Microplastics in Different Compartments of the Urban Water Cycle: From the Sources to the Rivers - p. 7 18. Validation of a Density Separation Technique for the Recovery of Microplastics and Its Use on Marine Freshwater Sediments - p. 9 19. Microplastics in Singapore’s Coastal Mangrove Ecosystems - p. 10 20. A Quantitative Analysis of Microplastic Pollution Along the South-eastern Coastline of South Africa - p. 11 21. Plastic Pollutants Within the Marine Environment of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa - p. 12 22. Reading Between the Grains – Microplastics in Intertidal Beach Sediments of a World Heritage Area: Cleveland Bay (QLD), Australia - p. 13 23. Patterns of Plastic Pollution in Offshore, Nearshore, and Estuarine Waters of Perth, Western Australia - p. 13 24. Microplastics in Israeli Mediterranean Coastal Waters - p. 14 25. Occurrence of Microplastics in the South Eastern Black Sea - p. 14 26. Microplastics Migrations in Sea Coastal Zone: Baltic Amber as an Example - p. 15 27. Simultaneous Trace Analysis of Nine Common Plastics in Environmental Samples via Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (Py-GCMS) - p. 17 28. Extensive Review on the Presence of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Seafood: Data Gaps and Recommendations for Future Risk Assessment for Human Health - p. 17 29. State of Knowledge on Human Health Implications on Consumption of Aquatic Organisms Containing Microplastics - p. 19 30. Effects of PVC and Nylon Microplastics on Survival and Reproduction of the Small Terrestrial Earthworm Enchytraeus crypticus - p. 20 31. Microplastics: Who Is at Risk? - p. 21 32. Understanding Microplastic Distribution: A Global Citizen Monitoring Effort - p. 22 33. Marine Litter in the North Sea: Experiences With Monitoring - p. 23 34. Voluntary Beach Cleanups at Famara Beach, Lanzarote—Fighting Marine Litter Invasion and Accumulation Locally - p. 24 35. The Wider Benefits of Cleaning Up Marine Plastic: Examining the Direct Impacts of Beach Cleans on the Volunteers - p. 25 36. “Agüita con el Plástico”: Society as Part of the Solution of Plastic Pollution - p. 26 37. No Plastic Campaign Makes a Difference in Island of Principe Biosphere Reserve - p. 27 38. Logistics of Coastline Plastic Cleanup and Recycling: A Literature Review and Research Opportunities - p. 29 39. Tackling Microplastics on Land: Citizen Observatories of Anthropogenic Litter Dynamics Within the MSCA POSEIDOMM Project - p. 29 40. Environmental Science Education: Methodologies to Promote Ocean Literacy - p. 30 41. Microplastics, Convergence Areas, and Fin Whales in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea - p. 31 42. Microplastics in Marine Mesoherbivores - p. 32 43. Investigating the Presence and Effects of Microplastics in Sea Turtles - p. 33 44. Microplastics Presence in Sea Turtles - p. 34 45. Factors Determining the Composition of Plastics From the South Pacific Ocean—Are Seabirds Playing a Selective Role? - p. 36 46. Microplastics and Marine Mammals: Studies From Ireland - p. 37 47. Primary (Ingestion) and Secondary (Inhalation) Uptake of Microplastic in the Crab Carcinus maenas, and Its Biological Effects - p. 38 48. Plastic in Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) From the Norwegian Coast - p. 39 49. Extraction and Characterization of Microplastics in Marine Organisms Sampled at Giglio Island After the Removal of the Costa Concordia Wreck - p. 40 50. Floating Plastic Marine Debris in the Balearic Islands: Ibiza Case Study - p. 41 51. Enzymes—Essential Catalysts in Biodegradation of Plastics - p. 43 52. Ireland’s Microplastics: Distribution in the Environment and Interactions With Marine Organisms - p. 44 53. Deposition of Microplastics in Marine Sediments From the Irish Continental Shelf - p. 44 54. Where Go the Plastics? And Whence Do They Come? From Diagnosis to Participatory Community-Based Observatory Network - p. 45 55. Distribution and Composition of Microplastics in Scotland’s Seas - p. 46 56. Marine Litter Accumulation in the Azorean Archipelago: Azorlit Preliminary Data - p. 48 57. Microplastics in the Adriatic—Results from the DeFishGear Project - p. 49 58. Floating Microplastics in the South Adriatic Sea - p. 51 59. Implementation of the Spanish Monitoring Program of Microplastics on Beaches Within the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. First Phase - p. 53 60. Operational Forecasting as a Tool for Managing Pollutant Dispersion and Recovery - p. 54 61. What Do We Know About the Ecological Impacts of Microplastic Debris? - p. 56 62. Qualitative and Quantitative Investigations of Microplastics in Pelagic and Demersal Fish Species of the North and Baltic Sea Using Pyrolysis-GCMS: A Pilot Study - p. 56 63. Microplastics Extraction Methods for Small Fishes, on the Road to a Standard Monitoring Approach - p. 58 64. Microplastic Effects in Mullus surmuletus: Ingestion and Induction of Detoxification Systems - p. 59 65. Assessment of Microplastics Present in Mussels Collected From the Scottish Coast - p. 60 66. Bioavailability of Co-contaminants Sorbed to Microplastics in the Blue Mussel Mytilus edulis - p. 61 67. Exploring the Effects of Microplastics on the Hepatopancreas Transcriptome of Mytilus galloprovincialis - p. 62 68. Characterization, Quantity, and Sorptive Properties of Microplastics Extracted From Cosmetics - p. 63 69. Beach Sweep Initiatives on the Acadian Coastline in Atlantic Canada - p. 64 70. A Social-Ecological Approach to the Problem of Floating Plastics in the Mediterranean Sea - p. 65 71. News Splash? A Preliminary Review of Microplastics in the News - p. 66 72. Informing Policy Makers About State of Knowledge and Gaps on Microplastics in the Marine Environment - p. 67 73. Microplastics in Cosmetics: Exploring Perceptions of Environmentalists, Beauticians, and Students - p. 68 74. Plastics and Zooplankton: What Do We Know? - p. 69 75. Microtrophic Project - p. 69 76. Source to Sink: Microplastics Ingested by Benthic Fauna From Discharge Points to Deep Basins in an Urban Model Fjord - p. 70 77. Uptake and Toxicity of Methylmethacrylate-Based Nanoplastic Particles in Aquatic Organisms - p. 71 78. On the Potential Role of Phytoplankton Aggregates in Microplastic Sedimentation - p. 71 79. Hitchhiking Microorganisms on Microplastics in the Baltic Sea - p. 72 80. Microplastic Prey? An Assay to Investigate Microplastic Uptake by Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates - p. 73 81. Microplastics in Seafood: Identifying a Protocol for Their Extraction and Characterization - p. 74 82. Vast Quantities of Microplastics in Arctic Sea Ice—A Prime Temporary Sink for Plastic Litter and a Medium of Transport - p. 75 83. Microplastics in the Bay of Brest (Brittany, France): Composition, Abundance, and Spatial Distribution - p. 76 84. Plastic Litter: A New Habitat for Marine Microbial Communities - p. 77 85. The Effects of Microplastic on Freshwater Hydra attenuatta Morphology and Feeding - p. 78 86. Evidence of Microplastic Ingestion in Elasmobranchs in the Western Mediterranean Sea - p. 79 87. Do Microplastic Particles Impair the Performance of Marine Deposit and Filter Feeding Invertebrates? Results From a Globally Replicated Study - p. 80 88. Occurrence of Potential Microplastics in Commercial Fish From an Estuarine Environment: Preliminary Results - p. 81 89. Improvements and Needs of Microplastics Analytical Control at Open Sea Opportunities for Monitoring at Canary Islands - p. 82 90. A Novel Method for Preparing Microplastic Fibers - p. 84 91. A New Approach in Separating Microplastics From Freshwater Suspended Particulate Matter - p. 85 92. Microplastics—Microalgae: An Interaction Dependent on Polymer Type - p. 86 93. Nearshore Circulation in the Confital Bay: Implications on Marine Debris Transport and Deposition at Las Canteras Beach - p. 87 94. New Approaches for the Extraction and Identification of Microplastics From Marine Sediment - p. 88 95. Using Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Floating Microplastics to Investigate Their Weathering History - p. 89 96. The Size Spectrum as Tool for Analyzing Marine Plastic Pollution - p. 89 97. Automated Analysis of µFTIR Imaging Data for Microplastic Samples - p. 90 98. Solar Radiation Induced Degradation of Common Plastics Under Marine Exposure Conditions - p. 91 99. Using the FlowCam to Validate an Enzymatic Digestion Protocol Applied to Assess the Occurrence of Microplastics in the Southern North Sea - p. 92 100. DNA From the “Plastisphere”: An Extraction Protocol for Ocean Microplastics - p. 94 101. Quality Assurance in Microplastic Detection - p. 95 102. Part II: Abstracts from Posters - p. 96 103. Are the Sinking Velocities of Microplastics Altered Following Interactions With Austrominius modestus and Sediment Particles? - p. 99 104. Macro- and Microplastic in Seafloor Habitats Around Mallorca - p. 100 105. Evaluation of Microplastics in Jurujuba Cove, Niterói, RJ, Brazil - p. 101 106. Presence, Distribution, and Characterization of Microplastics in Commercial Organisms From Adriatic Sea - p. 102 107. The Origin and Fate of Microplastics in Saltmarshes - p. 104 108. Effects of Microplastics and Mercury, Alone and in Mixture, on the European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Swimming Performance and Subindividual Biomarkers - p. 105 109. DNA Damage Evaluation of Polyethylene Microspheres in Daphnia magna - p. 106 110. LITTERBASE: An Online Portal for Marine Litter and Microplastics and Their Implications for Marine Life - p. 107 111. PLASTOX: Direct and Indirect Ecotoxicological Impacts of Microplastics on Marine Organisms - p. 108 112. Community-Based Observatories Tackling MICROPLASTIC: Spanish Schools Pilot Project Based on seawatchers.org - p. 110 113. Tackling Marine Litter: Awareness and Outreach in the Azores - p. 111 114. Prevalence of Microplastics in the Marine Waters of Qatar’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) - p. 112 115. Microplastics Contamination in Three Planktivorous and Commercial Fish Species - p. 113 116. Spatial Variation of Microplastic Ingestion in Boops boops in the Western Mediterranean Sea - p. 114 117. Source, Transfer, and Fate of Microplastics in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: A Holistic Approach - p. 115 118. Microplastics in the Final Ocean Frontier - p. 117 119. Microplastic Abundance and Distribution in the Intertidal and Subtidal Marine Environment Around a Major Urban Park in Vancouver, Canada - p. 118 120. Microplastic Ingestion by Decapod Larvae - p. 119 121. May Polystyrene Microparticles Affect Mortality and Swimming Behaviour of Marine Planktonic Invertebrates? - p. 119 122. Improvement of Microplastic Extraction Method in Organic Material Rich Samples - p. 120 123. Defining the Baselines and Standards for Microplastics Analyses in European Waters (JPI-O BASEMAN) - p. 121 124. Effects of Long-Term Exposure With Contaminated and Clean Microplastics on Mytilus edulis - p. 122 125. The City of Kuopio and Lake Kallavesi in the Finnish Lake District—A “Living Laboratory” for the Microplastic Pollution Research in Freshwater Lakes - p. 123 126. Analysis and Quantification of Microplastics in the Stomachs of Common Dolphin (Delphinus delphis) Stranded on the Galician Coasts (NW Spain) - p. 123 127. First Report of Microplastic in Bycaught Pinnipeds - p. 124 128. The Contribution of Citizen Scientists to the Monitoring of Marine Litter - p. 125 129. Experimenting on Settling Velocity of Cylindrical Microplastic Particles - p. 126 130. WEATHER-MIC—How Microplastic Weathering Changes Its Transport, Fate, and Toxicity in the Marine Environment - p. 127 131. Uptake of Textile Polyethylene Terephthalate Microplastic Fibers by Freshwater Crustacean Daphnia magna - p. 129 132. Microplastics Deposited on Two Beaches of the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean Sea): Study of the Spatial Heterogeneity - p. 130 133. Effects of Microplastics on Digestive Enzymes in the Marine Isopod Idotea emarginata - p. 131 134. Sinking Behavior of Microplastics - p. 132 135. Pilot Study on Microlitter in the Surface Waters of the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea - p. 133 136. Persistent Organic Pollutants Adsorbed on Microplastics From the North Atlantic Gyre - p. 134 137. First Evidence of Microplastics in the Ballast Water of Commercial Ships - p. 136 138. Microlitter Abundance in the Italian Minor Islands, Central Mediterranean Sea - p. 137 139. In Search of the Plastic Accumulation Regions: Finetuning Ocean Surface Transport Models - p. 139 140. Preliminary Assessment of the Microplastic Presence in the Gulf of Genoa (Italy, Ligurian Sea, Northwestern Mediterranean Sea) - p. 140 141. Toxicity Assessment of Pollutants Sorbed on Microplastics Using Various Bioassays on Two Fish Cell Lines - p. 140 142. Fate of Microplastics in Soft Marine Sediments - p. 142 143. Microplastic as a Vector of Chemicals to Fin Whale and Basking Shark in the Mediterranean Sea: A Model-Supported Analysis of Available Data - p. 143 144. Methodological Prerequisites For Toxicity Testing of Microplastics Using Marine Organisms - p. 144 145. POPs Adsorbed on Plastic Pellets Collected in the Adriatic Region - p. 145 146. The EPHEMARE Project: Ecotoxicological Effects of Microplastics in Marine Ecosystems - p. 146 147. Suspended Microsized PVC Particles Impair the Performance and Decrease Survival in the Asian Green Mussel Perna viridis - p. 148 148. Priority Pollutants in Microplastics From Beaches in Gran Canaria Island - p. 149 149. Plastic Debris in Mediterranean Seabirds - p. 150 150. Monitoring Plastic Ingestion in Selected Azorean Marine Organisms - p. 150 151. Catching a Glimpse of the Lack of Harmonization Regarding Techniques of Extraction of Microplastics in Marine Sediments - p. 151 152. Floating Plastics in the Sea: People’s Perception in the Majorca Island (Spain) - p. 153 153. Plastics in the Mediterranean Sea Surface: From Regional to Local Scale - p. 154 154. Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Microplastics - p. 154 155. From the Sea to the Dining Table and Back to the Environment: Microlitter Load of Common Salts - p. 155 156. Sandy Beaches Microplastics of the Crimea Black Sea Coast - p. 155 157. Plastic Prey; Are Fish Postlarval Stages Ingesting Plastic in Their Natural Environment? - p. 156 158. Microplastic Ingestion by Planktivorous Fishes in the Canary Current - p. 157 159. First Quantification of Microplastic in Norwegian Fjords Through Nondisruptive Ad-hoc Sampling - p. 158 160. Abundance of Microplastics and Adhered Contaminants in the North Atlantic Ocean - p. 158 161. Microbes and Bioplastic - p. 159 162. Marine Litter Monitoring for Coastal Management Indicator System Development: Citizen Science and Collaboration Communication Approach - p. 159 163. Types and Concentration of Microplastics Found on Remote Island Beaches During the Race for Water Odyssey. - p. 160 164. A Throwaway Society: Is Science Stuck With Single Use Plastic? What Can We Do About It? - p. 161 165. Linking Education and Science to Increase Awareness of Marine Plastic Litter—Distribution of Plastic Waste on Beaches of the German Bight - p. 162 166. Are Smaller Microplastics Underestimated? Comparing Anthropogenic Debris Collected With Different Mesh Sizes - p. 163 167. Precipitation/Flotation Effect of Coagulant to Microplastics in Water - p. 164 168. Personal Care and Cosmetics Products (PC-CPs): Is It Cleaning or Pollution? - p. 164 169. Detection of Microplastics with Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) Microscopy - p. 166 170. Part III: Lanzarote Declaration, June 21 2016 - p. 167 171. Part III. Lanzarote Declaration, June 21 2016 - p. 167 172. Lanzarote Declaration, June 21 2016 - p. 170 173. Part IV: Breaking Down the Plastic Age - p. 173 174. Part IV. Breaking Down the Plastic Age - p. 175 175. Breaking Down the Plastic Age - p. 177 176. Part V: Where Next? The Road to Micro 2018 and Beyond - p. 181 177. Where Next? The Road to Micro 2018 and Beyond - p. 185 178. List of Contributors - p. 189