1. Section 1. Introduction - p. xv 2. Chapter 1. Introduction to Concepts of Pathology - p. 1 3. Chapter 2. Epigenetics: Behavioral, Social, and Environmental Factors - p. 13 4. Chapter 3. Physiologic Self-Regulation: The Intersection with Mental, Social, and Emotional Well-being - p. 25 5. Psychologic Considerations in Health Care - p. 25 6. Psychologic Healing Potential - p. 29 7. Pain Perception: the Link Between Psychologic and Physical Connections - p. 36 8. Trauma - p. 40 9. Specific Psychologic Conditions - p. 45 10. Acknowledgment - p. 89 11. Chapter 4. Environmental and Occupational Medicine - p. 90 12. Introduction - p. 90 13. Environmental Medicine - p. 91 14. Occupational Injuries and Diseases - p. 110 15. Chapter 5. Problems Affecting Multiple Systems - p. 126 16. Systemic Effects of Pathology - p. 126 17. Adverse Drug Events - p. 128 18. Specific Drug Categories - p. 132 19. Radiation Injuries - p. 144 20. Chemotherapy - p. 152 21. Specific Disorders Affecting Multiple Systems - p. 163 22. Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances - p. 172 23. Acid–Base Imbalances - p. 182 24. Chapter 6. Injury, Inflammation, Healing, and Repair - p. 188 25. Overview - p. 188 26. Cell Injury - p. 188 27. Cellular Aging - p. 193 28. Types of Cell Injury - p. 194 29. Inflammation - p. 200 30. Tissue Healing - p. 211 31. Phases of Healing - p. 218 32. Tissue Repair - p. 222 33. Section 2. Clinical Medicine - p. 233.e6 34. Chapter 7. The Immune System - p. 234 35. Foundations of the Immune System - p. 234 36. Human Defense Mechanisms - p. 238 37. Summary of the Immune System - p. 249 38. Factors Affecting Immunity - p. 251 39. Exercise Immunology - p. 252 40. Immunodeficiency Diseases - p. 254 41. Hypersensitivity Disorders - p. 273 42. Autoimmune Diseases - p. 280 43. Isoimmune Disease - p. 294 44. Chapter 8. Infectious Disease - p. 295 45. Signs and Symptoms of Infectious Diseases - p. 296 46. Aging and Infectious Diseases - p. 298 47. Infectious Diseases - p. 299 48. Specific Infectious Diseases - p. 309 49. Chapter 9. Oncology - p. 349 50. Definitions - p. 349 51. Classifications of Neoplasm - p. 350 52. Incidence - p. 352 53. Etiology - p. 354 54. Risk Factors - p. 355 55. Pathogenesis - p. 360 56. Invasion and Metastases - p. 366 57. Clinical Manifestations - p. 370 58. Medical Management of Cancer - p. 377 59. Cancer, Physical Activity, and Exercise Training - p. 392 60. Childhood Cancer - p. 397 61. Chapter 10. The Integumentary System - p. 399 62. Skin Lesions - p. 399 63. Signs and Symptoms of Skin Disease - p. 399 64. Aging and the Integumentary System - p. 402 65. Common Skin Disorders - p. 404 66. Skin Infections - p. 408 67. Skin Cancer - p. 412 68. Skin Disorders Associated With Immune Dysfunction - p. 420 69. Thermal Injuries - p. 429 70. Miscellaneous Integumentary Disorders - p. 436 71. Chapter 11. The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems - p. 448 72. Endocrine System - p. 448 73. Specific Endocrine Disorders - p. 456 74. Metabolic System - p. 520 75. Specific Metabolic Disorders - p. 521 76. Chapter 12. The Cardiovascular System - p. 523 77. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors - p. 523 78. Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Strategies - p. 523 79. Signs and Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 523 80. Aging and the Cardiovascular System - p. 527 81. Gender Differences and the Cardiovascular System - p. 529 82. Diseases Affecting the Heart Muscle - p. 532 83. Diseases Affecting the Cardiac Nervous System - p. 590 84. Diseases Affecting the Heart Valves - p. 595 85. Diseases Affecting the Pericardium - p. 606 86. Diseases Affecting the Blood Vessels - p. 608 87. Venous Diseases - p. 624 88. Other Cardiac Considerations - p. 637 89. Chapter 13. The Lymphatic System - p. 643 90. Microcirculation Unit: Principles of Fluid Dynamics and Exchange - p. 643 91. Anatomy and Physiology of the Lymphatic System - p. 644 92. Inflammation and Infection in the Lymphatic System - p. 650 93. Chapter 14. The Hematologic System - p. 683 94. Signs and Symptoms of Hematologic Disorders - p. 683 95. Aging and the Hematopoietic System - p. 686 96. Blood Transfusions - p. 686 97. Disorders of Iron Absorption - p. 690 98. Disorders of Erythrocytes - p. 691 99. Disorders of Leukocytes - p. 697 100. Neutropenia - p. 699 101. Neoplastic Diseases of the Blood and Lymph Systems - p. 700 102. Disorders of Hemostasis - p. 725 103. Chapter 15. The Respiratory System - p. 753 104. Overview - p. 753 105. Aging and the Respiratory System - p. 758 106. Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases - p. 760 107. Obstructive Diseases - p. 768 108. Environmental and Occupational Diseases - p. 793 109. Drowning - p. 796 110. Congenital Disorders - p. 797 111. Parenchymal Disorders - p. 807 112. Disorders of the Pulmonary Vasculature - p. 821 113. Disorders of the Pleural Space - p. 828 114. Chapter 16. The Gastrointestinal System - p. 833 115. Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Disease - p. 833 116. Aging and the Gastrointestinal System - p. 838 117. The Esophagus - p. 838 118. The Stomach - p. 846 119. The Intestines - p. 852 120. The Appendix - p. 874 121. Peritoneum - p. 876 122. The Rectum - p. 877 123. Chapter 17. The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Systems - p. 879 124. Signs and Symptoms of Hepatic Disease - p. 879 125. Aging and the Hepatic System - p. 881 126. Liver - p. 882 127. Pancreas - p. 910 128. Biliary System - p. 917 129. Chapter 18. The Renal and Urologic Systems - p. 925 130. Aging and the Renal and Urologic Systems - p. 925 131. Infections - p. 926 132. Renal Disorders - p. 930 133. Glomerular Diseases - p. 951 134. Disorders of the Bladder and Urethra - p. 954 135. Chapter 19. The Male Genital/Reproductive System - p. 966 136. Chapter 20. The Female Genital/Reproductive System - p. 992 137. The Female Reproductive System Through the Life Cycle - p. 992 138. Disorder of the Female Upper Genital Tract - p. 1007 139. Disorders of the Uterus and Fallopian Tubes - p. 1008 140. Disorders of the Ovaries - p. 1019 141. Pelvic Floor Disorders - p. 1025 142. Breast Disease - p. 1028 143. Chapter 21. Transplantation - p. 1056 144. Incidence - p. 1056 145. Types of Transplantation - p. 1056 146. Organ Procurement and Allocation - p. 1058 147. Advances and Research in Transplantation - p. 1064 148. Biopsychosocial Implications - p. 1069 149. Posttransplantation Complications - p. 1070 150. Organ Transplantation and Exercise, Activity, and Sports - p. 1075 151. Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation - p. 1079 152. Graft-Versus-Host Disease - p. 1086 153. Organ Transplantation - p. 1088 154. Section 3. Pathology of The Musculoskeletal System - p. 1120.e11 155. Chapter 22. Introduction to Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1121 156. Chapter 23. Genetic and Developmental Disorders - p. 1127 157. Down Syndrome - p. 1127 158. Scoliosis - p. 1131 159. Kyphoscoliosis - p. 1135 160. Spina Bifida Occulta, Meningocele, Myelomeningocele - p. 1136 161. Developmental Dysplasia of the HIP - p. 1145 162. Neuromuscular Disorders - p. 1149 163. Torticollis - p. 1168 164. Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy - p. 1172 165. Osteogenesis Imperfecta - p. 1175 166. Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita - p. 1179 167. Chapter 24. Metabolic Disorders - p. 1181 168. Chapter 25. Infectious Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1201 169. Chapter 26. Musculoskeletal Neoplasms - p. 1218 170. Chapter 27. Soft Tissue, Joint, and Bone Disorders - p. 1247 171. Soft Tissue - p. 1247 172. Joint - p. 1264 173. Bone - p. 1304 174. Section 4. Pathology of The Nervous System - p. 1318.e9 175. Chapter 28. Introduction to Central Nervous System Disorders - p. 1319 176. Chapter 29. Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System - p. 1356 177. Chapter 30. Central Nervous System Neoplasms - p. 1373 178. Chapter 31. Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System - p. 1408 179. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - p. 1408 180. Dementias Including Alzheimer Disease - p. 1416 181. Huntington Disease - p. 1433 182. Multiple Sclerosis - p. 1436 183. Parkinsonism and Parkinson Disease - p. 1450 184. Chapter 32. Stroke - p. 1465 185. Chapter 33. Traumatic Brain Injury - p. 1494 186. Chapter 34. Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury - p. 1517 187. Chapter 35. Cerebral Palsy and Pediatric Stroke - p. 1539 188. Chapter 36. Seizures and Epilepsy - p. 1556 189. Chapter 37. Headache - p. 1571 190. Chapter 38. Vestibular Disorders - p. 1597 191. Chapter 39. The Peripheral Nervous System - p. 1629 192. Overview - p. 1629 193. Pathogenesis - p. 1630 194. Peripheral Nervous System Changes With Aging - p. 1631 195. Diagnosis of Peripheral Nervous System Dysfunction - p. 1633 196. Classification of Nerve Injury and Neuropathy - p. 1634 197. Mechanical Injuries: Compression and Entrapment Syndromes - p. 1636 198. Hereditary Neuropathies - p. 1649 199. Metabolic Neuropathies - p. 1651 200. Infections/Inflammations - p. 1655 201. Cancer Induced - p. 1661 202. Toxins - p. 1663 203. Motor End Plate Disorders - p. 1664 204. Botulism - p. 1666 205. Abnormal Response in Peripheral Nerves - p. 1667 206. Section 5. Important Resources - p. 1669.e5 207. Chapter 40. Laboratory Tests and Values - p. 1670 208. Appendix A. Guidelines for Activity and Exercise - p. 1701 209. Index - p. 1715
1. Section 1. Introduction - p. xv 2. Chapter 1. Introduction to Concepts of Pathology - p. 1 3. Chapter 2. Epigenetics: Behavioral, Social, and Environmental Factors - p. 13 4. Chapter 3. Physiologic Self-Regulation: The Intersection with Mental, Social, and Emotional Well-being - p. 25 5. Psychologic Considerations in Health Care - p. 25 6. Psychologic Healing Potential - p. 29 7. Pain Perception: the Link Between Psychologic and Physical Connections - p. 36 8. Trauma - p. 40 9. Specific Psychologic Conditions - p. 45 10. Acknowledgment - p. 89 11. Chapter 4. Environmental and Occupational Medicine - p. 90 12. Introduction - p. 90 13. Environmental Medicine - p. 91 14. Occupational Injuries and Diseases - p. 110 15. Chapter 5. Problems Affecting Multiple Systems - p. 126 16. Systemic Effects of Pathology - p. 126 17. Adverse Drug Events - p. 128 18. Specific Drug Categories - p. 132 19. Radiation Injuries - p. 144 20. Chemotherapy - p. 152 21. Specific Disorders Affecting Multiple Systems - p. 163 22. Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances - p. 172 23. Acid–Base Imbalances - p. 182 24. Chapter 6. Injury, Inflammation, Healing, and Repair - p. 188 25. Overview - p. 188 26. Cell Injury - p. 188 27. Cellular Aging - p. 193 28. Types of Cell Injury - p. 194 29. Inflammation - p. 200 30. Tissue Healing - p. 211 31. Phases of Healing - p. 218 32. Tissue Repair - p. 222 33. Section 2. Clinical Medicine - p. 233.e6 34. Chapter 7. The Immune System - p. 234 35. Foundations of the Immune System - p. 234 36. Human Defense Mechanisms - p. 238 37. Summary of the Immune System - p. 249 38. Factors Affecting Immunity - p. 251 39. Exercise Immunology - p. 252 40. Immunodeficiency Diseases - p. 254 41. Hypersensitivity Disorders - p. 273 42. Autoimmune Diseases - p. 280 43. Isoimmune Disease - p. 294 44. Chapter 8. Infectious Disease - p. 295 45. Signs and Symptoms of Infectious Diseases - p. 296 46. Aging and Infectious Diseases - p. 298 47. Infectious Diseases - p. 299 48. Specific Infectious Diseases - p. 309 49. Chapter 9. Oncology - p. 349 50. Definitions - p. 349 51. Classifications of Neoplasm - p. 350 52. Incidence - p. 352 53. Etiology - p. 354 54. Risk Factors - p. 355 55. Pathogenesis - p. 360 56. Invasion and Metastases - p. 366 57. Clinical Manifestations - p. 370 58. Medical Management of Cancer - p. 377 59. Cancer, Physical Activity, and Exercise Training - p. 392 60. Childhood Cancer - p. 397 61. Chapter 10. The Integumentary System - p. 399 62. Skin Lesions - p. 399 63. Signs and Symptoms of Skin Disease - p. 399 64. Aging and the Integumentary System - p. 402 65. Common Skin Disorders - p. 404 66. Skin Infections - p. 408 67. Skin Cancer - p. 412 68. Skin Disorders Associated With Immune Dysfunction - p. 420 69. Thermal Injuries - p. 429 70. Miscellaneous Integumentary Disorders - p. 436 71. Chapter 11. The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems - p. 448 72. Endocrine System - p. 448 73. Specific Endocrine Disorders - p. 456 74. Metabolic System - p. 520 75. Specific Metabolic Disorders - p. 521 76. Chapter 12. The Cardiovascular System - p. 523 77. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors - p. 523 78. Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Strategies - p. 523 79. Signs and Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 523 80. Aging and the Cardiovascular System - p. 527 81. Gender Differences and the Cardiovascular System - p. 529 82. Diseases Affecting the Heart Muscle - p. 532 83. Diseases Affecting the Cardiac Nervous System - p. 590 84. Diseases Affecting the Heart Valves - p. 595 85. Diseases Affecting the Pericardium - p. 606 86. Diseases Affecting the Blood Vessels - p. 608 87. Venous Diseases - p. 624 88. Other Cardiac Considerations - p. 637 89. Chapter 13. The Lymphatic System - p. 643 90. Microcirculation Unit: Principles of Fluid Dynamics and Exchange - p. 643 91. Anatomy and Physiology of the Lymphatic System - p. 644 92. Inflammation and Infection in the Lymphatic System - p. 650 93. Chapter 14. The Hematologic System - p. 683 94. Signs and Symptoms of Hematologic Disorders - p. 683 95. Aging and the Hematopoietic System - p. 686 96. Blood Transfusions - p. 686 97. Disorders of Iron Absorption - p. 690 98. Disorders of Erythrocytes - p. 691 99. Disorders of Leukocytes - p. 697 100. Neutropenia - p. 699 101. Neoplastic Diseases of the Blood and Lymph Systems - p. 700 102. Disorders of Hemostasis - p. 725 103. Chapter 15. The Respiratory System - p. 753 104. Overview - p. 753 105. Aging and the Respiratory System - p. 758 106. Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases - p. 760 107. Obstructive Diseases - p. 768 108. Environmental and Occupational Diseases - p. 793 109. Drowning - p. 796 110. Congenital Disorders - p. 797 111. Parenchymal Disorders - p. 807 112. Disorders of the Pulmonary Vasculature - p. 821 113. Disorders of the Pleural Space - p. 828 114. Chapter 16. The Gastrointestinal System - p. 833 115. Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Disease - p. 833 116. Aging and the Gastrointestinal System - p. 838 117. The Esophagus - p. 838 118. The Stomach - p. 846 119. The Intestines - p. 852 120. The Appendix - p. 874 121. Peritoneum - p. 876 122. The Rectum - p. 877 123. Chapter 17. The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Systems - p. 879 124. Signs and Symptoms of Hepatic Disease - p. 879 125. Aging and the Hepatic System - p. 881 126. Liver - p. 882 127. Pancreas - p. 910 128. Biliary System - p. 917 129. Chapter 18. The Renal and Urologic Systems - p. 925 130. Aging and the Renal and Urologic Systems - p. 925 131. Infections - p. 926 132. Renal Disorders - p. 930 133. Glomerular Diseases - p. 951 134. Disorders of the Bladder and Urethra - p. 954 135. Chapter 19. The Male Genital/Reproductive System - p. 966 136. Chapter 20. The Female Genital/Reproductive System - p. 992 137. The Female Reproductive System Through the Life Cycle - p. 992 138. Disorder of the Female Upper Genital Tract - p. 1007 139. Disorders of the Uterus and Fallopian Tubes - p. 1008 140. Disorders of the Ovaries - p. 1019 141. Pelvic Floor Disorders - p. 1025 142. Breast Disease - p. 1028 143. Chapter 21. Transplantation - p. 1056 144. Incidence - p. 1056 145. Types of Transplantation - p. 1056 146. Organ Procurement and Allocation - p. 1058 147. Advances and Research in Transplantation - p. 1064 148. Biopsychosocial Implications - p. 1069 149. Posttransplantation Complications - p. 1070 150. Organ Transplantation and Exercise, Activity, and Sports - p. 1075 151. Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation - p. 1079 152. Graft-Versus-Host Disease - p. 1086 153. Organ Transplantation - p. 1088 154. Section 3. Pathology of The Musculoskeletal System - p. 1120.e11 155. Chapter 22. Introduction to Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1121 156. Chapter 23. Genetic and Developmental Disorders - p. 1127 157. Down Syndrome - p. 1127 158. Scoliosis - p. 1131 159. Kyphoscoliosis - p. 1135 160. Spina Bifida Occulta, Meningocele, Myelomeningocele - p. 1136 161. Developmental Dysplasia of the HIP - p. 1145 162. Neuromuscular Disorders - p. 1149 163. Torticollis - p. 1168 164. Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy - p. 1172 165. Osteogenesis Imperfecta - p. 1175 166. Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita - p. 1179 167. Chapter 24. Metabolic Disorders - p. 1181 168. Chapter 25. Infectious Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1201 169. Chapter 26. Musculoskeletal Neoplasms - p. 1218 170. Chapter 27. Soft Tissue, Joint, and Bone Disorders - p. 1247 171. Soft Tissue - p. 1247 172. Joint - p. 1264 173. Bone - p. 1304 174. Section 4. Pathology of The Nervous System - p. 1318.e9 175. Chapter 28. Introduction to Central Nervous System Disorders - p. 1319 176. Chapter 29. Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System - p. 1356 177. Chapter 30. Central Nervous System Neoplasms - p. 1373 178. Chapter 31. Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System - p. 1408 179. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - p. 1408 180. Dementias Including Alzheimer Disease - p. 1416 181. Huntington Disease - p. 1433 182. Multiple Sclerosis - p. 1436 183. Parkinsonism and Parkinson Disease - p. 1450 184. Chapter 32. Stroke - p. 1465 185. Chapter 33. Traumatic Brain Injury - p. 1494 186. Chapter 34. Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury - p. 1517 187. Chapter 35. Cerebral Palsy and Pediatric Stroke - p. 1539 188. Chapter 36. Seizures and Epilepsy - p. 1556 189. Chapter 37. Headache - p. 1571 190. Chapter 38. Vestibular Disorders - p. 1597 191. Chapter 39. The Peripheral Nervous System - p. 1629 192. Overview - p. 1629 193. Pathogenesis - p. 1630 194. Peripheral Nervous System Changes With Aging - p. 1631 195. Diagnosis of Peripheral Nervous System Dysfunction - p. 1633 196. Classification of Nerve Injury and Neuropathy - p. 1634 197. Mechanical Injuries: Compression and Entrapment Syndromes - p. 1636 198. Hereditary Neuropathies - p. 1649 199. Metabolic Neuropathies - p. 1651 200. Infections/Inflammations - p. 1655 201. Cancer Induced - p. 1661 202. Toxins - p. 1663 203. Motor End Plate Disorders - p. 1664 204. Botulism - p. 1666 205. Abnormal Response in Peripheral Nerves - p. 1667 206. Section 5. Important Resources - p. 1669.e5 207. Chapter 40. Laboratory Tests and Values - p. 1670 208. Appendix A. Guidelines for Activity and Exercise - p. 1701 209. Index - p. 1715