Understand how a patient’s conditions might affect physical therapy and outcomes so that you can design safe and effective interventions. The only pathology textbook written specifically for physical therapists, Pathology: Implications for the Physical Therapist, Third Edition, offers guidelines, precautions, and contraindications for interventions with patients who have musculoskeletal or neuromuscular problems as well as other conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, or pancreatitis. Learn about the cause of these conditions, the pathogenesis, medical diagnosis and treatment, and most importantly, the special implications for the therapist. In addition to addressing specific diseases and conditions, this text emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention strategies and covers issues with implications for physical therapy management, such as injury, inflammation, and healing; the lymphatic system; and biopsychosocial–spiritual impacts on health care. With this practical and evidence-based text, now enhanced with full-color illustrations and the latest research, you’ll know what to factor into your clinical decisions to achieve the best outcomes for your patients.
1. SECTION 1. Introduction - p. xiii 2. Chapter 1. Introduction to Concepts of Pathology - p. 1 3. Chapter 2. Behavioral, Social, and Environmental Factors Contributing to Disease and Dysfunction - p. 16 4. Overview - p. 16 5. Clinical Models of Health - p. 17 6. Variations in Client Populations - p. 18 7. Lifestyle Factors that Influence Health - p. 24 8. Behavioral Influences on Health - p. 44 9. Environmental Barriers to Health Care - p. 52 10. Chapter 3. The Psychosocial-Spiritual Impact on Health Care - p. 54 11. Psychologic Considerations in Health Care - p. 54 12. Effects of Trauma on Brain Development - p. 58 13. Supporting Psychologic Healing - p. 61 14. Spiritual Development in the Health Care Profession - p. 66 15. Special Role of the Physical Therapist - p. 69 16. Specific Psychologic Conditions - p. 70 17. Chapter 4. Environmental and Occupational Medicine - p. 122 18. Introduction - p. 122 19. Environmental Medicine - p. 123 20. Occupational Injuries and Diseases - p. 140 21. Chapter 5. Problems Affecting Multiple Systems - p. 155 22. Systemic Effects of Pathology - p. 155 23. Adverse Drug Events - p. 157 24. Specific Drug Categories - p. 162 25. Radiation Injuries - p. 173 26. Chemotherapy - p. 182 27. Specific Disorders Affecting Multiple Systems - p. 191 28. Medical Management - p. 200 29. Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances - p. 200 30. Acid–Base Imbalances - p. 210 31. Chapter 6. Injury, Inflammation, Healing, and Repair - p. 216 32. Overview - p. 216 33. Cell Injury - p. 216 34. Cellular Aging - p. 221 35. Types of Cell Injury - p. 222 36. Inflammation - p. 227 37. Tissue Healing - p. 239 38. Phases of Healing - p. 246 39. Tissue Repair - p. 250 40. SECTION 2. Clinical Medicine - p. 261.e5 41. Chapter 7. The Immune System - p. 262 42. Introduction - p. 262 43. Types of Immunity - p. 262 44. Mechanisms of Defense and Immune Responses - p. 264 45. Summary of the Immune System - p. 276 46. Factors Affecting Immunity - p. 276 47. Exercise Immunology - p. 277 48. Immunodeficiency Diseases - p. 279 49. Hypersensitivity Disorders - p. 299 50. Autoimmune Diseases - p. 302 51. Isoimmune Disease - p. 317 52. Chapter 8. Infectious Disease - p. 318 53. Signs and Symptoms of Infectious Diseases - p. 319 54. Aging and Infectious Diseases - p. 321 55. Infectious Diseases - p. 322 56. Specific Infectious Diseases - p. 331 57. Chapter 9. Oncology - p. 366 58. Definitions - p. 366 59. Classifications of Neoplasm - p. 367 60. Incidence - p. 369 61. Etiology - p. 371 62. Risk Factors - p. 372 63. Pathogenesis - p. 377 64. Invasion and Metastases - p. 383 65. Clinical Manifestations - p. 387 66. Medical Management of Cancer - p. 393 67. Cancer, Physical Activity, and Exercise Training - p. 409 68. Childhood Cancer - p. 414 69. Chapter 10. The Integumentary System - p. 416 70. Skin Lesions - p. 416 71. Signs and Symptoms of Skin Disease - p. 416 72. Aging and the Integumentary System - p. 419 73. Common Skin Disorders - p. 421 74. Skin Infections - p. 426 75. Skin Cancer - p. 431 76. Skin Disorders Associated with Immune Dysfunction - p. 440 77. Thermal Injuries - p. 452 78. Miscellaneous Integumentary Disorders - p. 459 79. Chapter 11. The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems - p. 471 80. Endocrine System - p. 471 81. Specific Endocrine Disorders - p. 479 82. Metabolic System - p. 535 83. Specific Metabolic Disorders - p. 536 84. Chapter 12. The Cardiovascular System - p. 538 85. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors - p. 538 86. Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Strategies - p. 538 87. Signs and Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 538 88. Aging and the Cardiovascular System - p. 543 89. Gender Differences and the Cardiovascular System - p. 544 90. Diseases Affecting the Heart Muscle - p. 548 91. Diseases Affecting the Cardiac Nervous System - p. 611 92. Diseases Affecting the Heart Valves - p. 617 93. Diseases Affecting the Pericardium - p. 628 94. Diseases Affecting the Blood Vessels - p. 630 95. Other Cardiac Considerations - p. 660 96. Chapter 13. The Lymphatic System - p. 666 97. Microcirculation Unit: Principles of Fluid Dynamics and Exchange - p. 666 98. Anatomy and Physiology of the Lymphatic System - p. 667 99. Inflammation and Infection in the Lymphatic System - p. 673 100. Chapter 14. The Hematologic System - p. 705 101. Signs and Symptoms of Hematologic Disorders - p. 705 102. Aging and the Hematopoietic System - p. 708 103. Blood Transfusions - p. 708 104. Disorders of Iron Absorption - p. 711 105. Disorders of Erythrocytes - p. 713 106. Disorders of Leukocytes - p. 718 107. Neoplastic Diseases of the Blood and Lymph Systems - p. 721 108. Disorders of Hemostasis - p. 744 109. Chapter 15. The Respiratory System - p. 772 110. Overview - p. 772 111. Aging and the Respiratory System - p. 777 112. Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases - p. 779 113. Obstructive Diseases - p. 789 114. Environmental and Occupational Diseases - p. 815 115. Drowning - p. 819 116. Congenital Disorders - p. 821 117. Parenchymal Disorders - p. 832 118. Disorders of the Pulmonary Vasculature - p. 849 119. Disorders of the Pleural Space - p. 856 120. Chapter 16. The Gastrointestinal System - p. 862 121. Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Disease - p. 862 122. Aging and the Gastrointestinal System - p. 867 123. The Esophagus - p. 867 124. The Stomach - p. 875 125. The Intestines - p. 881 126. The Appendix - p. 902 127. The Peritoneum - p. 905 128. The Rectum - p. 906 129. Chapter 17. The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Systems - p. 908 130. Signs and Symptoms of Hepatic Disease - p. 908 131. Aging and the Hepatic System - p. 910 132. Liver - p. 911 133. Pancreas - p. 940 134. Biliary - p. 947 135. Chapter 18. The Renal and Urologic Systems - p. 955 136. Aging and the Renal and Urologic Systems - p. 955 137. Infections - p. 956 138. Renal Disorders - p. 960 139. Glomerular Diseases - p. 979 140. Disorders of the Bladder and Urethra - p. 981 141. Chapter 19. The Male Genital/Reproductive Systems - p. 994 142. Aging and the Male Reproductive System - p. 994 143. Disorders of the Prostate - p. 994 144. Disorders of the Testes - p. 1011 145. Penile Cancer - p. 1015 146. Erectile Dysfunction - p. 1016 147. Sexual Abuse in Men - p. 1019 148. Chapter 20. The Female Genital/Reproductive System - p. 1020 149. Aging and the Female Reproductive System - p. 1020 150. Disorder of the Female Upper Genital Tract - p. 1034 151. Disorders of the Uterus and Fallopian Tubes - p. 1035 152. Disorders of the Ovaries - p. 1045 153. Pelvic Floor Disorders - p. 1051 154. Breast Disease - p. 1054 155. Chapter 21. Transplantation - p. 1087 156. Incidence - p. 1087 157. Types of Transplantation - p. 1087 158. Organ Procurement and Allocation - p. 1089 159. Advances and Research in Transplantation - p. 1094 160. Biopsychosocial Implications - p. 1098 161. Posttransplantation Complications - p. 1100 162. Organ Transplantation and Exercise, Activity, and Sports - p. 1104 163. Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation - p. 1108 164. Graft-Versus-Host Disease - p. 1115 165. Organ Transplantation - p. 1118 166. SECTION 3. Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1152.e12 167. Chapter 22. Introduction to Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1153 168. Chapter 23. Genetic and Developmental Disorders - p. 1161 169. Down Syndrome - p. 1161 170. Scoliosis - p. 1164 171. Kyphoscoliosis - p. 1168 172. Spina Bifida Occulta, Meningocele, Myelomeningocele - p. 1169 173. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip - p. 1178 174. Neuromuscular Disorders - p. 1182 175. Torticollis - p. 1199 176. Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy - p. 1202 177. Osteogenesis Imperfecta - p. 1205 178. Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita - p. 1209 179. Chapter 24. Metabolic Disorders - p. 1211 180. Osteoporosis - p. 1211 181. Osteomalacia - p. 1227 182. Paget Disease - p. 1229 183. Chapter 25. Infectious Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1234 184. Chapter 26. Musculoskeletal Neoplasms - p. 1252 185. Primary Tumors - p. 1252 186. Primary Benign Bone Tumors - p. 1260 187. Primary Malignant Bone Tumors - p. 1263 188. Multiple Myeloma - p. 1273 189. Primary Soft Tissue Tumors - p. 1274 190. Metastatic Tumors - p. 1280 191. Chapter 27. Soft-Tissue, Joint, and Bone Disorders - p. 1285 192. Soft Tissue - p. 1285 193. Joint - p. 1303 194. Bone - p. 1348 195. SECTION 4. Pathology of the Nervous System - p. 1370.e18 196. Chapter 28. Introduction to Central Nervous System Disorders - p. 1371 197. Chapter 29. Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System - p. 1405 198. Chapter 30. Central Nervous System Neoplasms - p. 1420 199. Introduction - p. 1420 200. Primary Brain Tumors - p. 1422 201. Specific Primary Brain Tumors - p. 1424 202. Primary Intraspinal Tumors - p. 1446 203. Metastatic Tumors - p. 1449 204. Paraneoplastic Syndromes - p. 1452 205. Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis - p. 1452 206. Pediatric Tumors - p. 1452 207. Chapter 31. Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System - p. 1455 208. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - p. 1455 209. Alzheimer Disease and Variants - p. 1464 210. Dystonia - p. 1474 211. Huntington Disease - p. 1478 212. Multiple Sclerosis - p. 1481 213. Parkinsonism and Parkinson Disease - p. 1494 214. Chapter 32. Stroke - p. 1507 215. Chapter 33. Traumatic Brain Injury - p. 1535 216. Chapter 34. Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury - p. 1556 217. Chapter 35. Cerebral Palsy - p. 1576 218. Chapter 36. Seizures and Epilepsy - p. 1591 219. Chapter 37. Headache - p. 1606 220. Overview - p. 1606 221. Primary Headaches - p. 1606 222. Secondary Headaches - p. 1621 223. Chapter 38. Vestibular Disorders - p. 1631 224. Chapter 39. The Peripheral Nervous System - p. 1660 225. Overview - p. 1660 226. Pathogenesis - p. 1661 227. Peripheral Nervous System Changes with Aging - p. 1663 228. Diagnosis of Peripheral Nervous System Dysfunction - p. 1665 229. Classification of Nerve Injury and Neuropathy - p. 1666 230. Mechanical Injuries: Compression and Entrapment Syndromes - p. 1668 231. Hereditary Neuropathies - p. 1681 232. Metabolic Neuropathies - p. 1683 233. Infections/Inflammations - p. 1687 234. Cancer Induced - p. 1693 235. Toxins - p. 1695 236. Motor End Plate Disorders - p. 1696 237. Botulism - p. 1698 238. Abnormal Response in Peripheral Nerves - p. 1699 239. Chapter 40. Laboratory Tests and Values - p. 1703 240. Appendix A. Summary of Standard Precautions - p. 1731 241. Appendix B. Guidelines for Activity and Exercise - p. 1739 242. Index - p. 1750
Understand how a patient’s conditions might affect physical therapy and outcomes so that you can design safe and effective interventions. The only pathology textbook written specifically for physical therapists, Pathology: Implications for the Physical Therapist, Third Edition, offers guidelines, precautions, and contraindications for interventions with patients who have musculoskeletal or neuromuscular problems as well as other conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, or pancreatitis. Learn about the cause of these conditions, the pathogenesis, medical diagnosis and treatment, and most importantly, the special implications for the therapist. In addition to addressing specific diseases and conditions, this text emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention strategies and covers issues with implications for physical therapy management, such as injury, inflammation, and healing; the lymphatic system; and biopsychosocial–spiritual impacts on health care. With this practical and evidence-based text, now enhanced with full-color illustrations and the latest research, you’ll know what to factor into your clinical decisions to achieve the best outcomes for your patients.
1. SECTION 1. Introduction - p. xiii 2. Chapter 1. Introduction to Concepts of Pathology - p. 1 3. Chapter 2. Behavioral, Social, and Environmental Factors Contributing to Disease and Dysfunction - p. 16 4. Overview - p. 16 5. Clinical Models of Health - p. 17 6. Variations in Client Populations - p. 18 7. Lifestyle Factors that Influence Health - p. 24 8. Behavioral Influences on Health - p. 44 9. Environmental Barriers to Health Care - p. 52 10. Chapter 3. The Psychosocial-Spiritual Impact on Health Care - p. 54 11. Psychologic Considerations in Health Care - p. 54 12. Effects of Trauma on Brain Development - p. 58 13. Supporting Psychologic Healing - p. 61 14. Spiritual Development in the Health Care Profession - p. 66 15. Special Role of the Physical Therapist - p. 69 16. Specific Psychologic Conditions - p. 70 17. Chapter 4. Environmental and Occupational Medicine - p. 122 18. Introduction - p. 122 19. Environmental Medicine - p. 123 20. Occupational Injuries and Diseases - p. 140 21. Chapter 5. Problems Affecting Multiple Systems - p. 155 22. Systemic Effects of Pathology - p. 155 23. Adverse Drug Events - p. 157 24. Specific Drug Categories - p. 162 25. Radiation Injuries - p. 173 26. Chemotherapy - p. 182 27. Specific Disorders Affecting Multiple Systems - p. 191 28. Medical Management - p. 200 29. Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances - p. 200 30. Acid–Base Imbalances - p. 210 31. Chapter 6. Injury, Inflammation, Healing, and Repair - p. 216 32. Overview - p. 216 33. Cell Injury - p. 216 34. Cellular Aging - p. 221 35. Types of Cell Injury - p. 222 36. Inflammation - p. 227 37. Tissue Healing - p. 239 38. Phases of Healing - p. 246 39. Tissue Repair - p. 250 40. SECTION 2. Clinical Medicine - p. 261.e5 41. Chapter 7. The Immune System - p. 262 42. Introduction - p. 262 43. Types of Immunity - p. 262 44. Mechanisms of Defense and Immune Responses - p. 264 45. Summary of the Immune System - p. 276 46. Factors Affecting Immunity - p. 276 47. Exercise Immunology - p. 277 48. Immunodeficiency Diseases - p. 279 49. Hypersensitivity Disorders - p. 299 50. Autoimmune Diseases - p. 302 51. Isoimmune Disease - p. 317 52. Chapter 8. Infectious Disease - p. 318 53. Signs and Symptoms of Infectious Diseases - p. 319 54. Aging and Infectious Diseases - p. 321 55. Infectious Diseases - p. 322 56. Specific Infectious Diseases - p. 331 57. Chapter 9. Oncology - p. 366 58. Definitions - p. 366 59. Classifications of Neoplasm - p. 367 60. Incidence - p. 369 61. Etiology - p. 371 62. Risk Factors - p. 372 63. Pathogenesis - p. 377 64. Invasion and Metastases - p. 383 65. Clinical Manifestations - p. 387 66. Medical Management of Cancer - p. 393 67. Cancer, Physical Activity, and Exercise Training - p. 409 68. Childhood Cancer - p. 414 69. Chapter 10. The Integumentary System - p. 416 70. Skin Lesions - p. 416 71. Signs and Symptoms of Skin Disease - p. 416 72. Aging and the Integumentary System - p. 419 73. Common Skin Disorders - p. 421 74. Skin Infections - p. 426 75. Skin Cancer - p. 431 76. Skin Disorders Associated with Immune Dysfunction - p. 440 77. Thermal Injuries - p. 452 78. Miscellaneous Integumentary Disorders - p. 459 79. Chapter 11. The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems - p. 471 80. Endocrine System - p. 471 81. Specific Endocrine Disorders - p. 479 82. Metabolic System - p. 535 83. Specific Metabolic Disorders - p. 536 84. Chapter 12. The Cardiovascular System - p. 538 85. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors - p. 538 86. Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Strategies - p. 538 87. Signs and Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 538 88. Aging and the Cardiovascular System - p. 543 89. Gender Differences and the Cardiovascular System - p. 544 90. Diseases Affecting the Heart Muscle - p. 548 91. Diseases Affecting the Cardiac Nervous System - p. 611 92. Diseases Affecting the Heart Valves - p. 617 93. Diseases Affecting the Pericardium - p. 628 94. Diseases Affecting the Blood Vessels - p. 630 95. Other Cardiac Considerations - p. 660 96. Chapter 13. The Lymphatic System - p. 666 97. Microcirculation Unit: Principles of Fluid Dynamics and Exchange - p. 666 98. Anatomy and Physiology of the Lymphatic System - p. 667 99. Inflammation and Infection in the Lymphatic System - p. 673 100. Chapter 14. The Hematologic System - p. 705 101. Signs and Symptoms of Hematologic Disorders - p. 705 102. Aging and the Hematopoietic System - p. 708 103. Blood Transfusions - p. 708 104. Disorders of Iron Absorption - p. 711 105. Disorders of Erythrocytes - p. 713 106. Disorders of Leukocytes - p. 718 107. Neoplastic Diseases of the Blood and Lymph Systems - p. 721 108. Disorders of Hemostasis - p. 744 109. Chapter 15. The Respiratory System - p. 772 110. Overview - p. 772 111. Aging and the Respiratory System - p. 777 112. Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases - p. 779 113. Obstructive Diseases - p. 789 114. Environmental and Occupational Diseases - p. 815 115. Drowning - p. 819 116. Congenital Disorders - p. 821 117. Parenchymal Disorders - p. 832 118. Disorders of the Pulmonary Vasculature - p. 849 119. Disorders of the Pleural Space - p. 856 120. Chapter 16. The Gastrointestinal System - p. 862 121. Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Disease - p. 862 122. Aging and the Gastrointestinal System - p. 867 123. The Esophagus - p. 867 124. The Stomach - p. 875 125. The Intestines - p. 881 126. The Appendix - p. 902 127. The Peritoneum - p. 905 128. The Rectum - p. 906 129. Chapter 17. The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Systems - p. 908 130. Signs and Symptoms of Hepatic Disease - p. 908 131. Aging and the Hepatic System - p. 910 132. Liver - p. 911 133. Pancreas - p. 940 134. Biliary - p. 947 135. Chapter 18. The Renal and Urologic Systems - p. 955 136. Aging and the Renal and Urologic Systems - p. 955 137. Infections - p. 956 138. Renal Disorders - p. 960 139. Glomerular Diseases - p. 979 140. Disorders of the Bladder and Urethra - p. 981 141. Chapter 19. The Male Genital/Reproductive Systems - p. 994 142. Aging and the Male Reproductive System - p. 994 143. Disorders of the Prostate - p. 994 144. Disorders of the Testes - p. 1011 145. Penile Cancer - p. 1015 146. Erectile Dysfunction - p. 1016 147. Sexual Abuse in Men - p. 1019 148. Chapter 20. The Female Genital/Reproductive System - p. 1020 149. Aging and the Female Reproductive System - p. 1020 150. Disorder of the Female Upper Genital Tract - p. 1034 151. Disorders of the Uterus and Fallopian Tubes - p. 1035 152. Disorders of the Ovaries - p. 1045 153. Pelvic Floor Disorders - p. 1051 154. Breast Disease - p. 1054 155. Chapter 21. Transplantation - p. 1087 156. Incidence - p. 1087 157. Types of Transplantation - p. 1087 158. Organ Procurement and Allocation - p. 1089 159. Advances and Research in Transplantation - p. 1094 160. Biopsychosocial Implications - p. 1098 161. Posttransplantation Complications - p. 1100 162. Organ Transplantation and Exercise, Activity, and Sports - p. 1104 163. Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation - p. 1108 164. Graft-Versus-Host Disease - p. 1115 165. Organ Transplantation - p. 1118 166. SECTION 3. Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1152.e12 167. Chapter 22. Introduction to Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1153 168. Chapter 23. Genetic and Developmental Disorders - p. 1161 169. Down Syndrome - p. 1161 170. Scoliosis - p. 1164 171. Kyphoscoliosis - p. 1168 172. Spina Bifida Occulta, Meningocele, Myelomeningocele - p. 1169 173. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip - p. 1178 174. Neuromuscular Disorders - p. 1182 175. Torticollis - p. 1199 176. Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy - p. 1202 177. Osteogenesis Imperfecta - p. 1205 178. Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita - p. 1209 179. Chapter 24. Metabolic Disorders - p. 1211 180. Osteoporosis - p. 1211 181. Osteomalacia - p. 1227 182. Paget Disease - p. 1229 183. Chapter 25. Infectious Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 1234 184. Chapter 26. Musculoskeletal Neoplasms - p. 1252 185. Primary Tumors - p. 1252 186. Primary Benign Bone Tumors - p. 1260 187. Primary Malignant Bone Tumors - p. 1263 188. Multiple Myeloma - p. 1273 189. Primary Soft Tissue Tumors - p. 1274 190. Metastatic Tumors - p. 1280 191. Chapter 27. Soft-Tissue, Joint, and Bone Disorders - p. 1285 192. Soft Tissue - p. 1285 193. Joint - p. 1303 194. Bone - p. 1348 195. SECTION 4. Pathology of the Nervous System - p. 1370.e18 196. Chapter 28. Introduction to Central Nervous System Disorders - p. 1371 197. Chapter 29. Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System - p. 1405 198. Chapter 30. Central Nervous System Neoplasms - p. 1420 199. Introduction - p. 1420 200. Primary Brain Tumors - p. 1422 201. Specific Primary Brain Tumors - p. 1424 202. Primary Intraspinal Tumors - p. 1446 203. Metastatic Tumors - p. 1449 204. Paraneoplastic Syndromes - p. 1452 205. Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis - p. 1452 206. Pediatric Tumors - p. 1452 207. Chapter 31. Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System - p. 1455 208. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - p. 1455 209. Alzheimer Disease and Variants - p. 1464 210. Dystonia - p. 1474 211. Huntington Disease - p. 1478 212. Multiple Sclerosis - p. 1481 213. Parkinsonism and Parkinson Disease - p. 1494 214. Chapter 32. Stroke - p. 1507 215. Chapter 33. Traumatic Brain Injury - p. 1535 216. Chapter 34. Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury - p. 1556 217. Chapter 35. Cerebral Palsy - p. 1576 218. Chapter 36. Seizures and Epilepsy - p. 1591 219. Chapter 37. Headache - p. 1606 220. Overview - p. 1606 221. Primary Headaches - p. 1606 222. Secondary Headaches - p. 1621 223. Chapter 38. Vestibular Disorders - p. 1631 224. Chapter 39. The Peripheral Nervous System - p. 1660 225. Overview - p. 1660 226. Pathogenesis - p. 1661 227. Peripheral Nervous System Changes with Aging - p. 1663 228. Diagnosis of Peripheral Nervous System Dysfunction - p. 1665 229. Classification of Nerve Injury and Neuropathy - p. 1666 230. Mechanical Injuries: Compression and Entrapment Syndromes - p. 1668 231. Hereditary Neuropathies - p. 1681 232. Metabolic Neuropathies - p. 1683 233. Infections/Inflammations - p. 1687 234. Cancer Induced - p. 1693 235. Toxins - p. 1695 236. Motor End Plate Disorders - p. 1696 237. Botulism - p. 1698 238. Abnormal Response in Peripheral Nerves - p. 1699 239. Chapter 40. Laboratory Tests and Values - p. 1703 240. Appendix A. Summary of Standard Precautions - p. 1731 241. Appendix B. Guidelines for Activity and Exercise - p. 1739 242. Index - p. 1750
